
Class _TaA_ai.06i 

fiook_ ^K'S 

Coppghtls^" 



COPYRIGHT DEPOSIT. 



THE PARISH PRIEST ON DUTY 
{THE SACRAMENTS) 



* By the same Author. 

THE HARMONY OF THE RELIGIOUS LIFE. 
Third Edit ten, i2mo, cloth, with frontis- 
piece, .... net, $1.25. 

"A fine piece of literature. , . Will convey solid instruction 
very agreeably to the inmates of our convents." — Irish 
Monthly. 

'' Commends itself in every way for literarj^ virtues as well 
as spiritual values."— 7"//^ Catholic Universe. 



THE PARISH PRIEST 
ON DUTY 

A PRACTICAL MANUAL FOR PASTORS, CURATES, 

AND THEOLOGICAL STUDENTS PREPARING 

FOR THE MISSION 

BEING A BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE PRESCRIBED MANNER 

OF ADMINISTERING THE SACRAMENTS, THE SERVICE 

OF THE DEAD, AND SUNDRY OTHER PASTORAL 

FUNCTIONS IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE 

ROMAN RITUAL 

iTHE SACRAMENTS^ 

BY 

H. J. HEUSER 

Professpr^of Theology at Overbrook Seminary 



NEW YORK, CINCINNTATI, CHICAGO 
BENZIGER BROTHERS 

PRINTERS TO THE HOLY APOSTOLIC SEE 
1904 



m\)il mstaU 



L«&Paw^ orCONGiRESS 
Two CoDies^^ Received 

APS 5 1904 

Cooy'g'^'^ Entry 
cJaSS Cc XXc= No, 

8: a ^ r3 

COPY s 



4-*" 

^v 



Cmprimatur^ 



REMIGIUS LAFORT, S.T.L., 

Censor Librorum. 



^ JOHX M. FARLEY, 

Archbishop of New York. 



New York, February 27, 1904. 



Copyright, 1904, by Benziger Brothers. 



*'^nU tfje iWlmistrs bas preparetJ: anti tfje ^^rtests 
stooti in tfjeir d^ffices/' — II Paralip. xxxv. io. 



CONTENTS 



PAGE 

The Liturgy of the Sacraments ... 11 
I. The Obligation of the Koman Ritual 11 



11. The Minister of the Sacraments 



III. Baptism 

A, Baptismal Water 

B, The Holy Oils . 

C The Ceremonies of Baptism 
Z). Baptism of an Infant 



E. Baptism of Several Infants together 30 

F. Baptism of Necessity ... 31 

(a) in the church ... 32 

(b) outside the church . . 32 

G. Supplying the Kites of Baptism . 33 
H. Baptism of Adults .... 34 

/. Converts 36 

(a) already validly baptized . 36 

(b) doubtfully baptized . . 43 

(c) not baptized .... 45 

(d) profession of faith . . 45 



12 

14 
14 
17 
19 
22 



IV. Penance 53 

A, Confession 53 

B, Manner of Absolution ... 58 

C, Absolution from Excommunication, 

Interdict, Suspension, Irregularity 61 
7 



CONTENTS 

V. The Holy Eucharist 

A. The Tabernacle 

B. The Pyx (Ciborium) 

C. The Lamp 



PAGE 

63 
64 
67 



VI. Ministration to the Sick and Dying 

A. Visitation of the Sick ... 69 

B. The Blessed Sacrament for the Sick 71 

C. Carrying the Blessed Sacrament to 

the Sick 73 

(a) in the chm^ch .... 73 

(b) in the room of the sick . . 74 

(c) Manner of carrying the 

Blessed Sacrament . . 75 
Z>. Commmiion solemnly administered 

to the Sick (ex devotione) . . 83 

E, Private Administration of Viaticum 86 

F, Viaticum in Cases of Imminent Death 88 
G» Distribution of Communion outside 

the Mass 89 

H, Communion immediately before or 

after Mass 92 

VII. Extreme Unction 93 

A. Holy Oils .... o . 93 

B, The Anointing 94 

C Preparation 95 

2). Extreme Unction in Case of Immi- 
nent Death 100 

E, Extreme Unction in Contagious 

Diseases 102 

F. Administration of Viaticum and Ex- 

treme Unction together . . . 104 



CONTENTS 



VIII. The Apostolic Blessing "in Articulo 



IX. 



X. 



XI. 



i.VJLU±tllO ••..•. J.UU 

The " COMMENDATIO AnIM^ " AT THE 


Hour of Death .... 


. 109 


Rites for the Dead 


. Ill 


A. Funeral Obsequies . 


. Ill 


B. Place of Burial . 


. 113 


C Time of Burial .... 


. 115 


D. The Funeral Mass . 


. 117 


E. The Office of the Dead . 


. 117 


JP. Customs 


118 


G. Solemn Exequies 


. 120 


(a) Preparation . 


120 


(h) in the church 


121 


(c) in the cemetery 


123 


H. The Absolution of the Corpse . 


125 


/. Funerals of Children 


125 


The Celebration of the Sacrament of 




Matrimony 


127 


A. The Ceremonial .... 


127 


B. Solemn Blessing of Nuptials . 


131 


(a) in the Mass .... 


131 


(b) in forbidden times 


134 


C, Mixed Marriages .... 


136 



XII. The Blessing of a Mother after 

Childbirth (Churching) . . . 138 

XIII. "Duplicating" or saying Two Masses 140 



THE PAEISH PEIEST ON DUTY 

THE LITURGY OF THE SACRAMENTS 

I 

THE OBLIGATIOlSr OF THE ROMAN RITUAL 

1. The Roman Ritual is obligatory: 

(1) Wherever it has once been intro- 
duced; 

(2) wherever there has been no other 
ritual legitimately in use ; 

(3) wherever the previously authorized 
rituals have been in any way changed 
since the Council of Trent (a.d. 1563). 

2. Does the obligation of following the 
Roman Ritual in the administration of the 
Sacraments bind in conscience? 

In solemn and public administration, 
the use of the Roman Ritual binds sub 

11 



12 THE MINISTER OF THE SACRAMENTS 

graviy according to the more or less serious 
nature of the change or omission. 

3. Are the rubrics which do not refer 
directly to the administration of the Sac- 
raments equally binding? 

They are directions rather than precepts, 

but their neglect may constitute a grave 

peccatum if they are set aside through 

contempt or in such a way as to give 

scandal. 

II 

THE MIlSnSTER OF THE SACRAMENTS 

. 1. The minister of the Sacraments is, 
in regular order: 

(1) The pastor (or whoever legitimately 
takes his place) ; 

(2) any priest approved by the Ordi- 
nary; 

(3) any priest, in case of necessity. 

2. What conditions are required in the 
priest, preparatory to the worthy adminis- 
tration of the Sacraments? 



THE MINISTER OF THE SACRAMENTS 13 

(1) Purity of heart ; 

(2) cleanliness of body, and of the 
materials which serve him in the adminis- 
tration of the Sacraments; 

(3) a thorough knowledge of the cere- 
monies, and of their significance ; 

(4) that he have assured himself that 
the persons to whom the Sacraments are 
to be administered are properly instructed, 
so that the meaning of the sacred rites, 
and the obligations contracted by the recep- 
tion of the sacramental graces, are perfectly 
understood. 

3. What is required of the priest during 
the administration? 

(1) Attention ; 

(2) the proper (at least virtual) intention; 

(3) that he pro7iounce the words dis- 
tinctly ; 

(4) that he perform the ceremonies not 
only with inward devotion, but also with 
becoming outward reverence. 



14 BAPTISM 

4. What does the priest do after the 
administration ? 

(1) Directs the recipient to make thanks- 
giving ; 

(2) registers the names (in cases where 
the rules of the Church prescribe it). 

Ill 

BAPTISM 
A. — Baptismal Water 

1. What is the ^Walid^' material for 
baptism ? 

True (natural) water. 

2. What is the ^ ^ prescribed ' ' material? 

(1) Baptismal water (specially blessed) in 
(a) all solemn baptisms; 

(&) all private baptisms, if adminis- 
tered by a priest, or deacon, unless it 
cannot be easily procured. 

(2) Holy water or common water in 
all baptisms administered by a lay person, 



BAPTISM 15 

that is, when it is necessary to baptize a 
child because it is in danger of death. 

(3) Even doubtful water may be used 
in cases when no other water can be 
procured. 

3. Where is the baptismal water kept ? 
In a font, which must be: 

(1) Clean; 

(2) of solid material; 

(3) of a becoming form suited to its 
special purpose; 

(4) separated by a guard or railing; 

(5) provided with a lock, and closed 
when not in use. 

4. Are there special times for blessing 
baptismal water and administering bap- 
tism ? 

Holy Saturday and the Vigil of Pente- 
cost. 

5. In what place is solemn baptism to 
be administered ? 

In the church or baptistery, at the font ; 



16 BAPTISM 

only in case of necessity may it be done 
in the sacristy or other place. 

6. What is to be done if the baptismal 
water is likely to become exhausted before 
the time of solemn blessing on the Vigil 
of Pentecost, or before Holy Saturday of 
the following year? 

Common water is added to the rem- 
nant of baptismal water in the font ; 
but in less quantity than the actual re- 
mainder of baptismal water. This may 
be repeated as often as necessary, even 
if the quantity of common water added 
should in the end exceed that of the 
baptismal water which remained in the 
font when the first addition was made. 

7. What is to be done if there be no 
baptismal water, or only such as cannot 
be properly used ? 

New baptismal water is to be blessed 
then and there according to the formula 
of the Roman Ritual, Tit. II., cap. 7. 



BAPTISM 17 

8. What is to be done if the baptismal 
water be frozen? 

Let it be melted (ice may not be used 
for valid baptism). 

9. What is done with the water that 
has been used for baptisms ? 

It is poured into the sacrarium. 

B.— The Holy Oils 

10. Which are the holy oils? 
Chrism, Oil of Catechumens^ Oil of the 

Sick. 

11. How are they used? 

(1) For the administration of the Sacra- 
ments, etc., and only within the year in 
which they are blessed; 

(2) at the end of the year new oils are 
procured, and the old ones burnt. 

12. How are they burnt? 

(1) By placing the remnant of holy oils 
in the lamp that burns before the Blessed 
Sacrament; or, 



18 BAPTISM 

(2) by absorbing the remnant of the 
holy oils with cotton, which, placed in a 
separate vessel, is burnt, the ashes to be 
thrown into the sacrarium. 

13. What is to be done if the holy oils 
become exhausted before new oils can be 
procured, or before these are consecrated? 

If fresh supply cannot be procured, and 
the baptism cannot be deferred, pure olive 
oil may be added to the remnant, but in 
less quantity. If the newly consecrated 
oil cannot be procured immediately, the 
old oils may be used until the new can 
be obtained. 

14. Where and how are the holy oils 
to be kept? 

(1) In a separate place, well guarded 
from access of the public or laity ; 

(2) in silver vessels, or, in case of pov- 
erty, in vessels of suitable if less costly 
metal ; 

(3) securely closed ; 



BAPTISM 19 

(4) clean; 

(5) with inscriptions on the outside of 
the vessel by which the different oils may 
be readily distinguished. The inscription 
is not to be on the movable cover or lid, 
but on the body of the vessel. 

C. — The Ceremonies of Baptism 

15. What things are to be prepared for 
the administration of baptism? 

(1) The Holy Oils of Catechumens and 
of Chrism; 

(2) some small balls of cotton wool with 
which to wipe off the oil after the unctions ; 

(3) a small piece of bread to wipe the 
fingers of the ministering priest; 

(4) salt (either previously blessed or to 
be blessed as prescribed in the Ritual dur- 
ing the function) ; 

(5) a white and a violet stole, or one 
stole, white on one side and violet on the 
other ; 



20 BAPTISM 

(6) a basin (font), and a shell or a ves- 
sel of silver, or other suitable metal, with 
which to pour the baptismal water; 

(7) a linen cloth to dry the catechumen's 
head after baptism ; 

(8) a white garment or veil ; 

(9) a torch or candle (lighted); 

(10) the Ritual; 

(11) a baptismal register in which to 
enter the names of the baptized, of the 
sponsors, etc. 

(12) a basin with common water for the 
washing of the ministering priest's hands 
(after the ceremony), and a towel. 

16. How does the priest proceed in ad- 
ministering baptism? 

(1) He washes his hands; 

(2) puts on surplice and violet stole; 

(3) proceeds with the server to the door 
of the church. 

17. Before performing the actual cere- 
mony of baptism, what assurance must the 



BAPTISM 21 

ministering priest have regarding the child 
or catechumen to be baptized ? 

(1) That the catechumen belong to his 
parish ; 

(2) that baptism has not already been ad- 
ministered or attempted by reason of danger 
of death or other necessity; who admin- 
istered such baptism^ and how was it done ; 

(3) what name the catechumen is to 
have; 

(4) who the sponsors are^ and whether 
they are practical Catholics; 

(5) that they understand : 

(a) the meaning and importance of bap- 
tism ; 

(b) the special obligations- which they 
coii;:iact5 to see to it that the child is reared 
in the Catholic faith ; 

(c) that they enter into relationship with 
the child which entails certain restrictions ; 

(d) the meaning of the ceremonies in 
which they are to take part. 



22 BAPTISM 

D. — Baptism of an Infant 

18. What are the principal acts, briefly 
stated, as they follow each other in the cere- 
mony of baptism for children ? 

(1) The priest standing at the threshold 
of the church — 

(2) Asks: 

iV.iV. (name) quid petis ah Ecclesia Dei ? 

(Sponsor answers : Fidem.) Fides quid 
tihi prcBstat f 

(Sponsor answers : Vitam ceternam.) Si 
igitiir vis ad vitam ingredi^ serva mandata. 
Diliges JDominum Deum tuum ex to to corde 
tuo^ et ex tota anima tua^ et ex tota mente 
tua^ et proximum tuum sicut teipsum, 

(3) Breathes thrice npon the child's face, 
saying : 

Fxi ah eo {vel ah ea), immunde spiritus et 
da locum Spiritui sancto Paraclito. 

(4) Makes the sign of the cross with his 
thumb on its forehead and breast, saying: 



BAPTISM 23 

Accipe sigmim Crucis tarn in fronte ►J^, 
quam in corde i^, sume fidem coelestium prce- 
ceptorum : et talis esto moribus^ ut templitm 
Dei jam esse possis. 

(5) Places his right hand on the child's 
head, saying: 

OREMUS 

Omnipotens^ sempiterne Deiis.^ Pater Dom- 
ini nostri Jesu Christie respicere dig nave 
super hunc famidum tiiicm N,^ quem ad rudi- 
menta fidei vocare dignatiis es : omnem cceei- 
tatem cordis ab eo expelle : disnimpe omnes 
laqueos Satanoe^ quihiis fuerat colligatiis : 
aperi ei, Dornine^ januam pietatis tuce^ nt 
signo sapientice tiice imbutics^ omnium cupidi- 
tatum. foetoribus careat^ et ad suavem odorem 
prceceptorum tuorum Icetus tibi in Ecclesia 
tua deserviat et proficiat de die in diem. 
Per eumdem Christum Dominum nostrum. 
Amen, 

(6) Blesses the salt, if not already blessed : 
Exorcizo te^ creatura salis, in nomine Dei 



24 BAPTISM 

Patris omnipotentis ^^ et in caritate Domini 
nostri Jesii Christi ^ et in virtute Spiritus 
^ sa7ictL Exorcizo te per Deiim vivnm >i^, 
per Deum verum ^^per JDeum sanctum ^, per 
Deum ^^ qui te ad tiitelam hiimani genei^is 
procreavity et populo venienti ad credulitatem 
per servos suos eonsecrari prcecepit^ ut in 
nomine sanctce Trinitatis efficiaris salntare 
sacramentum ad effugandum inimicum. Pro- 
ijide rogamMS te^ Dom^ine Deus noster^ iit 
hanc creaturam salis sanctificando sanctifi- 
ces ^^ et henedicendo henedicas ^j id fiat 
omnibus accipientihus perfecta medicina^ per- 
manens in viscerihus eorum, in nomine ejus- 
dem Domini nostri Jesu Christi, qui venturus 
est judicare vivos et mortuos, et soecidum per 
ignem. Amen. 

(7) Puts a few grains of salt into the 
child's mouth, saying: 

iV. Accipe sal sapientice : propitiatio sit 
tihi in vitam ceternam. Amen. Pax tecum^ 
Et cum spiritu tuo. 



BAPTISM 25 

OREMUS 

Deus patrum nostronim, Dens imiversce 
conditor veritatisy te sitpplices exoramus^ ut 
hunc farmdiim tuum N. respicere digneris 
propitiuSy et hoc (primum) pabulum sails 
gustantenij non diutius esurire permittaSj 
quo minus ciho exjjleatur coelest% quateiius 
sit semper spiritu fervenSj spe gaudens^ 
tuo semper nomini serviens, (Perdue eum, 
Domi7ie, qucesumuSy ad novce regenerationis 
lavacrum^) ut cum fidelibus tuis promissio- 
num. tuarum ceterna prcemia consequi m.ere- 
atur. Per Christum Dominum nostrum. 
Amen. — Exorcizo te^ etc. 

(8) Makes the sign of the cross on the 
child's forehead, saying: 

Et hoc signum sanctce Crucis ^ quod nos 
fronti ejus damus^ tu^ maledicte diahole^ num- 
quam audeas violare. Per eumdem Christum 
Dominum nostrum. Amen. 

(9) Again places his right hand on the 
child's head, saying: 



26 BAPTISM 

OREMUS 

^ternaniy ac justissimam pietatem tuam 
deprecor, Domine sancte, Pater omnipotens^ 
ceterne Deus^ auctor liiminis et veritatis^ 
super hunc famulum tumn N.^ itt digneris 
ilium illuminare lumiiie intelligentice tuce : 
munda eum^ et sanctijica : da ei scientiam 
veram [iit digmis gratia Baptism t tui effectus^ 
teneat firmam spem, consilium rectum^ do- 
ctrinam sanctam). Per Christum Dominum 
nostrum. Amen. 

(10) Puts one end of his stole on the 
child, leading it into the church, saying: 

N, Ingredere in templum Dei, ut habeas 
partem cum Christo in vitam ceternam. 
Amen. 

Moving towards the baptismal font the 
priest recites in a clear voice the Credo 
and Pater noster^ while the sponsors, ac- 
companying him, say it in the vernacular. 

(11) Exorcism : 

Exorcizo te^ omnis spiritus immunde^ in 



BAPTISM 27 

nomine Dei Patris omnijootentis j^, et in 
nomine Jesu Christi Filii ejics^ Dom^ini et 
Judicis nostri ^^ et in virtnte Spiritus sancti 
►fi, lit discedas ab hoc plasmate Dei N.y 
qitod Domimis noster ad temphim sanctum 
suum vocare dignatns est^ {id fiat) templiim 
Dei vivi^ et Spiritus sanctiis habitet in eo. 
Per enmdem Christum Dominitm no struma 
qui venturus est judicare vivos et mortuos^ 
et scecidum per ignem. Amen, 

(12) Touches with the saliva from his 
tongue the ears of the child, saying: 

Ephpheta^ quod est^ adaperire ; — then 
touches the nostrils, saying : In odorem 
suavitatis, Tu autem effugare diabole ; 
appropinquabit enhn judicium Dei. 

(13) Asks: 

Abrenuntias Satance ? (Sponsor answers : 
Abrenuntio,) Et omnibus operibus ejus? 
(Sponsor answers : Abrenuntio) Et omni- 
bus pompis ejus f (Sponsor answers : Ah- 
renuntio.) 



28 BAPTISM 

(14) Anoints the child on the breast and 
between the shoulders with Oil of Cate- 
chumens, saying : 

Ego te linio ►J^ oleo salictis in Christo 
Jesii Domino nostro^ iit habeas vitam ceter- 
nam. Amen, 

(15) Wipes off the oil with some cotton; 

(16) takes off the violet stole and puts 
on the white stole. 

(17) Asks (pronouncing the name of the 
child) : 

N. Credis in Deiim Patrem omnipotentem^ 
Creatorem, coeli et terrce ? (Sponsor an- 
swers : Credo.) N. Vis haptizari? (Spon- 
sor answers : Volo) 

(18) Sees that the sponsor touches the 
child. 

(19) Pours baptismal water on the child's 
head, in form of a cross, saying : 

N. Ego te haptizo in nomine Patris (first 
infusion) et Filii (second infusion) et Sjnritus 
Sancti (third infusion). 



BAPTISM 29 

(20) Gently wipes the child's head with 
the towel. 

(21) Anoints the top near the forehead 
of child's head with holy Chrism in form 
of a cross at the words : ipse te liniat in 
the following prayer : 

Deus omnipotens^ Pater Domini nostri 
Jesu Christie qui te regeneravit ex aqua et 
Spiritu sancto^ quique dedit tibi remissionem 
omnium peccatorum^ ipse te liniat Chrismate 
salutis ►J^ in eodem Christo Jesu Domino 
nostro m vitam ceternam. Amen. 

Fax tibi — Et cum spiritu tuo. 

(22) Wipes off the holy Chrism with 
cotton. 

(23) Puts linen veil (garment) on the 
childj saying : 

Accipe vestem candidam^ quam immacula- 
tarn perf eras ante tribunal Domini nostri Jesu 
Christi, ut habeas vitam ceternam. Amen. 

(24) Hands lighted candle to sponsor or 
catechumen, saying : 



30 BAPTISM 

Accijje lampadem ardentem^ et irrepre- 
hensihilis custodi Baptisrrmm timm : serva 
Dei mandata, ut cum Dominus veiierit ad 
nuptias^possis occurrere ei una cum omnibus 
Sanctis in aula codesti^ haheasque vitam 
ceternam.^ et vivas in scecula sceculorum. 
Amen. 

(25) Vade in Pace^ et Dominus sit tecum. 

(26) Registers the baptism. 

E. — Baptism of Several Infants 
Together 

19. What is observed when baptism is 
administered to several persons together? 

(1) The males are placed on the right 
and the females on the left. 

(2) The following ceremonies are applied 
to each catechumen separately : 

{a) The question — N.N. quid petis ? — 
in the vestibule of the church ; 

(b) the breathing upon the face ; 

(c) the different signs of the cross; 



BAPTISM 31 

{d) placing a small portion of salt in 
the mouth of the catechumen; 

{e) touching the ears and nostrils with 
saliva ; 

(/) the anointings ; 

{g) the questions immediately preceding 
the pouring of the water ; 

{h) the act of baptizing, ix. the pouring 
of the water, whilst pronouncing the bap- 
tismal form ; 

(^) placing the white garment upon the 
child, and the lighted candle in its hand ; 

(3) All the remaining ceremonies are 
performed for the catechumens together, in 
which case the plural form is used. 

F. — Baptism of Necessity 

(When the Child is in Danger of Death) 

20. How does the priest act in case of 
danger when it is feared the child cannot sur- 
vive until the complete form of solemn bap- 
tism has been performed ? 



32 BAPTISM 

The priest about to administer baptism to 
a child in danger of death lohen the same is 
brought to the church : 

(1) Asks at once whether any one has 
given or attempted to give baptism to the 
child, and how it was done. If the baptism 
has not been already validly given, he 

(2) vests in snrplice and white stole (un- 
less the urgency of the case does not permit 
any delay) ; 

(3) pours the baptismal water over the 
child's head, pronouncing the form ; 

(4) then (if the child still lives) he con- 
tinues the ceremonies prescribed in the 
Ritual after the ablution ; 

(5) lastly, he supplies the ceremonies 
which precede the ablution. 

If the child in danger of death is to he 
baptized outside the churchy the priest : 

(1) Asks about previously attempted 
baptism ; 

(2) uses baptismal water if possible, 



BAPTISM 33 

otherwise holy water or any natural and 
pure water at hand ; 

(3) supplies the ceremonies which follow 
the ablution in the Ritual ; 

(4) omits the ceremonies preceding the 
ablution, until the child can be brought to 
the church. 

G. — Supplying the Rites of Baptism 

21. How are the rites of baptism sup- 
plied ? 

(1) The rites of baptism, omitted through 
necessity, are supplied according to the form 
which should have been used at the time 
the baptism (for infants or for adults) was 
administered. The Ritual gives a special 
form for adults. 

(2) The question : Vis haptizari^ etc. 
with what follows, including the ablution, 
is omitted. 

(3) If, however, there is reasonable doubt 
of the validity of the previous baptism, this 



34 BAPTISM 

question and the baptismal ablution are 
repeated (conditionally). 

H. — Baptism of Adults 

22. To whom is baptism administered ac- 
cording to the rite prescribed for adults ? 

To all persons^ who 

(1) have reached the age at which they 
can sufficiently understand the obligation 
and significance of baptism ; 

(2) are sufficiently instructed in the rudi- 
ments of the Catholic religion and realize 
the obligation of the precepts of God and 
His Church ; 

(3) are desirous of receiving the sacra- 
ments and willing to comply with the duties 
which the profession of the Catholic faith 
demands. 

23. Should baptism be administered to 
adults who are insane or deprived of con- 
sciousness ? 

Yes — to those 



BAPTISM 35 

(a) who have been insane from infancy ; 

(&) whoj temporarily insane, have ex- 
pressed a desire for baptism during their 
lucid periods. 

24. What special features are observed in 
the baptism of adults besides the principal 
rites administered in the case of children? 

(1) In solemn baptism the priest vests 
not only in surplice and violet stole, but if 
possible also in the violet cope. 

(2) He requires from the catechumen a 
solemn act of renunciation of all false doc- 
trine and an explicit profession of the 
articles of the Catholic faith — twice {i.e, 
once at the gates of the church, and again 
immediately before the act of baptizing at 
the font). 

(3) In making the sign of the cross upon 
the catechumen, the priest not only marks 
the forehead and breast (as in infant bap- 
tism) but also the organs of the senses : the 
forehead, the ears, the eyes, nostrils, lips, 



36 BAPTISM 

breast, and shoulders, similar to the manner 
of giving Extreme Unction. 

(4) The catechumen, before entering the 
church, i.e. immediately before the exorcism, 
genuflects and thrice recites the Our Father, 
is thrice marked with the sign of the cross 
by both the priest and the sponsor, and then, 
after a triple imposition of hands from the 
priest and the sponsor, prostrates himself at 
the entrance in adoration. 

(5) The catechumen, although guided by 
a sponsor, answers himself all the questions 
put to him by the priest. In the cases of 
deaf-mutes or persons who cannot answer, 
the sponsor does so in their stead. 

I. — Converts 
(a) Already Validly Baptized 
25. What is to be observed in regard to 
converts who wish to be received into the 
Church? 

(1) Careful inquiry is to be made 



BAPTISM 37 

(a) whether they have ever been baptized ; 

(&) whether their baptism was rightly 
administered so as to be vahd. 

(2) If it be ascertained that baptism had 
actually been administered, and that the 
right form and matter were employed, with 
the intention of doing what the Church 
intends by baptism, the convert is not to be 
baptized, even conditionally. 

26. How are such converts to be received 
into the Church ? 

They are required to make a formal 
abjuration of their past errors and a profes- 
sion of the Catholic faith, after which they 
are absolved from censures. 

[N.B. The ceremonies of the Catholic baptism 
(for adults) may however be supplied in this case if 
it be deemed desirable.] 

27. How is this abjuration of errors and 
profession of faith to be made by converts, 
previously baptized, when they are admitted 
into the Church ? 



38 BAPTISM 

(1) The priest, vested in surplice and vio- 
let stole, takes his seat in front of the altar ; 
and 

(2) holds before him a book of the Gospels 
(or the missal). 

(3) The convert approaches, kneels in 
front of the priest, and places his right hand 
upon the book of the Gospels, holding it 
there whilst he solemnly makes his abjura- 
tion. 

(4) This abjuration is read in English, 
either by the convert or by the priest. In 
the latter case it should be read very slowly, 
and in short passages, so that they can be 
repeated distinctly by the person for whom 
they are said. 

28. The form of abjuration in this case 
is as follows : 

I, iV^.iV;, having before my eyes the holy 
Gospels — which I touch with my right 
hand — and knowing that none can find 
salvation outside that faith — which the 



BAPTISM 39 

holy Catholic and Apostolic Roman Church 
holds and believes, preaches and teaches, 
concerning which I regret to have gravely 
erred, — since, born outside the Church — 
I have held and believed doctrines — which 
were contrary to her teaching. 

But now — enlightened by the divine 
grace — I profess my belief — that the holy 
Catholic and Apostolic Roman Church — 
is the only true Church — established on 
earth by Jesus Christ — to which I bow 
submission with all my heart. — I believe 
all the articles which she proposes for my 
belief — I reprove and condemn all that 
which she reproves and condemns — and 
I am willing to observe everything that 
she commands me — in particular do I 
make profession of the following articles 
of faith : — 

One God in three divine persons — dis- 
tinct and equal — namely, the Father, the 
Son, and the Holy Ghost. — 



40 BAPTISM 

The Catholic doctrine concerning the 
Incarnation — the Passion^, Death^ and 
Resurrection of Our Lord Jesus Christ — 
and the hypostatic union — of two natures, 
the divine and the human. — 

The divine maternity of the blessed 
Mary — together vv^ith her undefiled vir- 
ginity and Immaculate Conception. — 

The truCj, real, and substantial presence 
— of the body, together with the soul 
and divinity — of Our Lord Jesus Christ — 
in the Most Blessed Sacrament of the 
Eucharist. — 

The seven Sacraments instituted by Jesus 
Christ — for the salvation of the human 
race — namely : Baptism, Confirmation — 
the Eucharist, Penance — Extreme Unction, 
Holy Orders, and Matrimony. — 

Purgatory, the resurrection of the dead, 
life eternal. — 

The primacy, not only of honor — but 
also of jurisdiction — of the Roman Pon- 



BAPTISM 41 

tiff — successor of St. Peter^ Prince of the 
Apostles, and Vicar of Jesus Christ. — 

The devotion to the saints and the honor- 
ing of their images. — 

The authority of the apostolic and eccle- 
siastical traditions — and of the Sacred 
Scriptures — not to be interpreted and un- 
derstood — except in the sense which holy 
Mother Church has held and holds. — 

And everything else which has been de- 
fined and declared — by the sacred canons 
and general councils — especially by the 
holy Council of Trent and by the Vatican 
Council. — 

Wherefore I detest and abjure — with 
sincere heart and unfeigned faith — every 
error, heresy, and sect — which is contrary 
to the said holy Catholic and Apostolic 
Roman Church. 

So help me God — and these His holy 
Gospels — which I touch with my right 
hand. 



42 BAPTISM 

29. How is the form of absolution which 
follows immediately imparted? 

The priest reads either the Psalm Mise- 
rere^ or the De Profimdis^ with Gloria 
Patri et Filio et Spiritid sancto^ etc., at 
the end. 

Then rising he says : 

Kyrie eleison, Christe eleison^ Kyrie eleison. 

Pater noster qui es in coelis^ etc. 

Pt ne nos indiicas in tentationem — Sed 
libera nos a malo. 

JSalvum fac servum tuum {ancillam tuam) 
— Dens mens sperantem in te. 

Pontine exaiidi orationem meam — Pt 
clamor mens ad te veniat. 

Pominiis vohiscum — Pt cum spiritu tiio. 

OREMUS 

Dens cid proprium est miserere semper et 
parcere^ suscipe deprecationeyn nostram^ ut 
hunc famulnm tnicm {ancillam tuam) quern 
(quam) excommunicationis catena constringity 



BAPTISM 43 

miseratio tuce pietatis clemeiiter ahsolvat. 
Per Dominum nostrum Jesum Christum 
Filium tuum qui tecum vivit^ etc. Amen. 

The priest then again seats himself and 
pronounces the absolution from heresy : 

Auctoritate Apostolica, qua fungor in hac 
parte^ dbsolvo te a vinculo excommunicationis 
quam (forsan) incurristi^ et restituo te sacro- 
Sanctis Ecclesice sacramentis^ communioni et 
unitati fidelium^ in nomine Patris et Filii et 
Spiritus Sancti. Amen. 

He then assigns the convert a certain 
penance, such as the recital of some definite 
prayers, the visit to some church or shrine, 
or any other such as is suited to the charac- 
ter and circumstances of the penitent. 

(6) Whose Baptism is Doubtful 

30. What should be done in cases where 
it is doubtful whether the convert had been 
previously baptized ? 

If, after diligent inquiry regarding the 



44 BAPTISM 

fact of baptism and the manner of its 
administration in the commimity in which 
the convert has been, it is still impossible 
to declare with certainty that baptism was 
rightly administered, then the convert is 
baptized conditionally. 

31. How is conditional baptism adminis- 
tered ? 

(1) The applicant, after having been 
well instructed in the doctrines, laws, and 
practices of the Catholic Church, is brought 
to the church to make his solemn profession 
of faith. 

(2) Next he receives conditional baptism 
privatelyj with the rites prescribed in the 
ceremonial of baptism for adults. 

(3) After conditional baptism the convert 
makes a complete sacramental confession 
and receives conditional absolution (Decret. 
S. R. C. Inqu., 17 Dec. 1868.) 

(4) For the sake of convenience the 
convert may make the detailed confession 



BAPTISM 45 

of his sins before he receives conditional 
baptism; in that case the confessor does 
not immediately absolve him, but again 
receives his general accusation after the 
baptism, and then he gives him conditional 
absolution. 

(c) Never Baptized^ or Whose Previous 
Baptism has heen Invalid 

32. What is done in the case of converts 
whose baptism was administered invalidly 
or who were never baptized ? 

The convert is simply baptized without 
making any abjuration or confession, since 
by receiving baptism in the spirit of re- 
pentance and faith all previous guilt is 
remitted. 

[d] Profession of Faith 

33. How is the profession of faith made 
in the above mentioned cases of converts 
baptized either conditionally or absolutely ? 



46 BAPTISM 

(1) The priest vests as in the case of 
converts to whom he gives absolution 
after solemn abjuration (see I, n. 3, p. 38)^ 
and receives in the same manner the pro- 
fession of faith from the person kneeling 
before him at the altar. 

(2) The profession of faith may be read 
in portions by the priest — pronouncing it 
distinctly, so that the convert can easily 
and intelligently repeat each short passage 
as it is said for him. 

(3) In case the convert is timid or 
nervous, the priest may read the entire 
profession of faith, clearly and distinctly 
without interruption to the end, when the 
convert answers in a loud voice : AmeUj or 
This faith I accept and profess with all my 
heart. 

34. What form of profession of faith is to 
be read on this occasion ? 

A form prescribed by Pope Pius IV. and 
amended in accordance with the Decrees of 



BAPTISM 4 i 

the Vatican Council by the Sacred Congre- 
gation of the Council^ 20 Jan. 1877. 

The Enghsh version of which is as follows : 

/ (baptismal name) firmly believe and 

profess each and all of the articles contained 
in the symbol of faith used by the holy 
Roman Church: that isy I believe in one 
God — Father almighty — Creator of heaven 
and earth — of all things visible and invisible. 

— And in one Lord^ Jesus Christ — the only- 
begotten Son of God — born of the Father 
before all ages — God from God — light from 
light — true God from true God. — BegotteUj 
not created — of the same substance ivith 
the Father — through whom all things ivere 
created. — 

Whoy for the sake of us men — and for 
our salvation — came doivn from heaven — 
and through the operation of the Holy Ghost 

— took flesh from the Virgin Mary — and 
was made man, — 

He loas also crucified for us — siijfered and 



48 BAPTISM 

ivas hitried under Pontiits Pilate. — On the 
third day He arose from the dead — accord- 
ing to the Scriptures — and ascended to 
heaven — lohere He sitteth at the right hand 
of the Father, — And He is to return in glory 
to judge the living and the dead. 

And I helieve in the Holy Ghost — the 
Lord ivho also gives life — ivho goeth forth 
from the Father and the Son. — Who is 
adored together with the Father and the Son 
— who is glorified ivith them — and ivho has 
spoken to us through the prophets. — 

Aiid I helieve in one - — holy Catholic and 
Apostolic Church. — / confess that there is 
one baptism for the rerrdssion of sins. — And 
I expect the rising again of the dead — and 
life of the future age. Amen. 

I admit with firmest assurance and I 
accept the apostolic and ecclesiastical tradi- 
tions — and other observances and constitu- 
tions — of this sa7ne Church. — / likeivise 
admit the Sacred Scriptures — according to 



BAPTISM 49 

that sense — lohich holy Mother Church has 
held and holds — since it is her function to 
judge — concerning the true sense and inter- 
pretation of the Sacred Scriptures^ — nor 
will I ever accept or interpret the Holy Scrip- 
ture — unless it he in accordance with the 
unanimous consent of the Fathers of the 
Church, — 

I prof ess also the faith which holds — that 
there are truly and. rightly — seven Sacra- 
ments of the New Law — instituted hy Our 
Lord Jesus Christ — aiid that they are neces- 
sary for the salvation of the human race — 
althoxigh not all for each man — and they 
are — Baptism^ Confirmation — the Eucha- 
ristj Penance — Extreme Unction,, Holy Or- 
ders,, and Matrimo7iy — and these confer 
grace, — Among these Sacraments those of 
Baptism — Confirmation — and Holy Orders 
— may not he administered a second time — 
under pain of sacrilege. 

I also accept and admit — all the custom- 



60 BAPTISM 

ary and approved rites — of the Catholic 
Church — in her solemn administration — of 
all the above-nwined Sacraments. — / accept 
and hold — each and all the doctriiies — 
lohich the holy Synod of Trent has defined 
and declared of faith — regarding original 
sin — and justificatio7i. — 

I profess likeivise — that in the Mass — is 
offered unto God — a true — right — and pro- 
pitiatory sacrifice for both living ajid dead 
^and that in the holy Sacrament of the 
Eucharist — is contained really^ truly j and 
in the substance — the body and blood — 
together ivith the soid and divinity — of Our 
Lord Jesus Christ — and that there is rtiade 
a change — of the ivhole substance of bread 
— into the body^ — and of the whole sub- 
stance of loine into the blood — lohich change 
the Catholic Church calls transubstantiation. 

I profess also — that the lohole and entire 
Christ — and the true Sacrament — is received 
under each species alone. 



BAPTISM 61 

1 hold confidently — that there is a pur- 
gatory — a7id that the soids of the faithful 
detained therein — may be aided by suf- 
frages. In the same way I hold — that the 
saints who reign together with Christ — 
are to be honored and invoked — and that 
they offer prayers to God for us — and 
that we should honor their relics, — I firmly 
assert — that the images of Christ — and of 
His ever Virgin Mother — and indeed of all 
the saints — are to be kept and ever honored 
— with becoming r)%arks of honor and ven- 
eration, — / also hold — that the power of 
granting indulgences — has been retained in 
the Church — by the command of Christ — 
and that their use is most helpfid to the 
Christian peojjle. — 

/ recognize as true — that the holy Catho- 
lic and. Apostolic Roman Church — is the 
Tfiother and teacher of all the churches — 
aiid I pledge and confirm by oath — my 
true obedience to the Roman Pontiff — the 



52 BAPTISM 

successor of blessed Peter^ Prince of the 
Apostles — and the Vicar of Jesus Christ, — 

I furthermore accejot without hesitation — 
a7id openly confess — all the doctrines handed 
doion — defined^ and declared — hy the sacred 
canons and General councils — especicdly by 
the holy Synod of Trent — a^id the General 
Council of the Vatican — and in particular 
the doctrine lohich declares the primacy — 
and the i? fallible teaching authority — of the 
Roman Pontiff. — 

At the same time I condemn — reject — 
and solemnly avow as false — all contrary 
doctrines — and all the heresies of ivhatever 
character — ivhich have been coiidemned — 
rejected — and solemnly declared as false by 
the Church. 

And this true faith — without which no 
one can be saved — which I profess at this 
moment — of my own free ivill — and in all 
sincerity — this same faith I ... declare — 
and VOID — and swear with God's help — to 



PENANCE 53 

retain and profess — constantly^ entirely^ and 
ivithout stain — to the very last breath of viy 
life ; — and^ as far as it lies in my power — 
I will take care — that those who are under 
my charge — or ivhom I am in duty hound 
to safeguard — loill hold — and teach and 
preach-— this same true faith. 

So help me God — and these His holy 
Gospels. 

35. The above Profession of Faith should 
be read in advance by the convert, so that 
there may be no doubt or hesitation when it 
has to be publicly pronounced. 

IV 

PENANCE 
A. — Confession 

1. Which is the proper place for hearing 
confession ? 

(1) Ordinarily the church; and 

(2) if possible, a place specially set apart 
therein as the confessional ; 



64 PEKANCE 

(3) in all cases^ however, the place must 
be open and in keeping with the holiness of 
its purpose. 

2. How is the confessional to be con- 
structed ? 

(1) According to the customary form 
used in Catholic countries ; that is, having 
a grate (crates) which separates the penitent 
entirely from the confessor ; 

(2) the confessional should not be near 
the altar; 

(3) but in a position easily seen and ac- 
cessible in the nave of the church. 

3. The legislation (St. Caroli Borr. Eccl. 
Mediolan. Statut.) and spirit of the Church 
forbid that confessions be heard, except in 
cases of necessity, 

(1) In the sacristy ; 

(2) or in a place without sufficient 
light; 

(3) or in a place where the confessor 
may not be seen from the outside (hence 



PENANCE 65 

the veil or guard usually placed in front 
of the confessional should be always partly 
withdrawn). 

4. What rules is a confessor to observe in 
the performance of his sacred duty ? 

He is to go to the confessional 

(1) promptly, whenever called ; 

(2) well prepared and after having im- 
plored the divine assistance at the foot of 
the altar, on his way to the confessional ; 

(3) vested in surplice, unless the locality 
or custom advise a departure from this 
rule; 

(4) wearing a violet stole. 

5. What is to be observed by the confessor 
after the penitent has presented himself ? 

(1) The confessor blesses the penitent 
with the sign of the cross, saying, Dominiis 
sit in corde tiio^ etc. ; 

(2) inquires, unless he already knows or 
may presume upon the condition of the 
penitent, regarding the following points : 



56 PENANCE 

(a) the penitent's state of life ; 
(6) the time elapsed since the last con- 
fession ; 

(c) the performance of the penance pre- 
scribed at last confession ; 

(d) the integrity of the last confession ; 
{e) the penitent's present disposition for 

confession. 

(3) If the penitent be ignorant of the 
rudiments of faith^ the confessor instructs 
him briefly by going over the outlines of the 
Creed, the Commandments, and the precepts 
of the Church ; 

(4) the penitent recites the Confiteor, or 
a brief form of accusation, indicating his 
sorrow ; 

(5) confesses his sins. 

6. How does the confessor act during the 
penitent's self-accusation ? 

(1) He aids the penitent as far as neces- 
sary by question or suggestion ; 

(2) avoids all manifestation of impatience, 



PENANCE 57 

surprise, or knowledge of either the person 
or the sins of the penitent ; 

(3) takes care not to interrupt him unless 
it be necessary for a correct understanding 
and for passing a judgment concerning the 
gravity of the sins, and the remedy to be 
applied for correction ; hence he may 

(4) prudently question him as to the num- 
ber, character, and important circumstances 
of grievous sins ; at the same time 

(5) avoids all such questions as either 
proceed from or might suggest motives of 
mere curiosity. 

(6) After the completion of the accusa- 
tion the confessor gives advice and paternal 
correction ; 

(7) imposes a salutary penance, suitable 
to the penitent's condition, and proportion- 
ate to the grievousness of his sins ; 

(8) then, telling the penitent to renew his 
sorrow for the sins of his life, he pronounces 
the absolution, or refuses it, if need be ; 



58 PENANCE 

(9) dismisses the penitent with a word of 
blessing. 

B. — Manner of Absolution 

7. How is absolution given ? 

(1) By saying in a moderate tone of 
voice, but distinctly: Misereatur tui omiii- 
potens DeuSy et dimissis peccatis tuis^ per- 
ducat te ad vitam ceternam. Amen. 

(2) Then raising the right hand towards 
the penitent and continuing : Indulgentiam^ 
ahsohctioneniy et remissionem peccatorum tu- 
orum tribuat tihi omnipotens et misericors 
Dominus. Amen. Domiiius iioster Jesus 
Christus te dbsolvat; et ego^ auetoritate ipsiiiSj 
te ahsolvo ah omni vinculo excommunica- 
tionis [suspensionis) et interdict^ in qiian- 
turn, possum., et tu indiges. Deinde ego te 
ahsolvo a peccatis tuis, in nomine Patris, et 
Filiij et Spiritus Sancti. Amen. 

(3) Then dropping his hand, he con- 
tinues : Passio Domini nostri Jesu Chi^isti, 



PENANCE 59 

merita B. Marice Virginis et oinniiiin sancto- 
rum^ quidquid honifeceris et mali sicstinueriSy 
sint tibi in remissionem peccatorum^ augmen- 
turn gratice^ et prcemium vitce cetemce. Amen. 

8. May not the word deinde be omitted 
as not properly belonging to the form of 
absolution ? 

The S. Congregation replied to this q^ues- 
tion : Nihil innovandiim, 

9. Is the form of absolution prescribed in 
the Ritual essential to the validity of the 
Sacrament ? 

(1) No; nevertheless it may not be 
altered at will ; although 

(2) The Misereatur^ etc., Indulgentiam^ 
etc., Passio Domini^ etc., may be lawfully 
omitted where there are just reasons, such 
as want of time owing to the large number 
of penitents, etc. 

10. If the confessor for good reason deems 
it necessary to refuse absolution, does he use 
any special form? 



60 PENANCE 

No ; but he gives a penance or advice to 
the penitent, and instructs him to return 
after a time. He may also pronounce the 
MisereatuTy etc., and Indulgentiam^ etc., 
without the regular form of absolution; or 
he may simply bless the penitent in the 
ordinary way. This is particularly advis- 
able when the confession is heard in the 
open and in the presence of others, who 
should not be aware of the fact that a 
penitent is sent away without absolution. 

11. How is absolution given in case of 
urgency (danger of death, etc.) ? 

By simply making the sign of the cross 
over the penitent, and saying at the same 
time. Ego te absolvo ab omnibus ceiisuris 
et peccatis in nomine Patris^ etc. 

12. Why " ab omnibus censuris " ? 
Because at the point of death all censures 

are to be removed. The confessor should, 
however, make the penitent aware that in 
case the danger of death does pass, the 



PENANCE 61 

penitent remains under the obligation of 
presenting himself to the proper authority 
that can absolve him from his censure. 

13. What is to be done if the penitent 
becomes unconscious or loses speech before 
he can complete his confession? 

The confessor^ havings as far as possible, 
obtained a general acknowledgment of sins 
from the penitent, at once absolves him. 

C. — Absolution fkom Excommunication, 
Interdict, Suspension, Irregularity 

14. What is excommunication? 

A censure by which a person is deprived 
of membership in the Church. 

1 5 . What is interdict ? 

A censure by which persons or localities 
are deprived of the right to participate 
in the public services of the Church; to 
receive regularly and solemnly the Sacra- 
ments of the Church, except in case of 
danger of death ; and to obtain burial in 



62 PENANCE 

consecrated ground with the usual rites of 
the Church. 

16. What is suspension? 

A censure by which a cleric is deprived 
of the right to exercise the faculties prop- 
erly belonging to his ecclesiastical office or 
order. 

17. What is irregularity? 

A canonical impediment preventing a per- 
son from promotion to ecclesiastical orders, 
or hindering the exercise of orders already 
obtained. 

18. Absolution from censures ? 

Is twofold : public {in foro externo) and 
private {in foro sacramenfali). 

19. What is the form of public absolution? 

(1) Any form which the Ordinary may 
prescribe ; or, if no form be especially pre- 
scribed, 

(2) the solemn form found in the Roman 
Ritual (Tit. TIL, cap. 3) ; or also 

(3) the common form, Dominies noster^ 



THE HOLY EUCHARIST 63 

etc.j which is used in ordinary sacramental 
absokition. 

20. How is the priest absolving publicly 
vested? 

In surplice and stole {violaceay pro vivis^ 
nigra^ pro mortuis). 

21. How is private absolution given? 

By the sacramental form, Dominus nosteVy 
etc. 

22. How is the impediment of irregularity- 
removed ? 

(1) By the form prescribed in the Ritual 
(Tit. III., cap. 5); 

(2) immediately after absolution has been 
imparted, either publicly or sacramentally. 

V 

THE HOLY EUCHARIST 

1. Where is the Blessed Sacrament ordi- 
narily to be kept? 

(1) In some repository of every cathedral 
and parish church, by right ; 



64 THE HOLY EUCHARIST 

(2) in any other church or chapel, by 
privilege or indiilt. 

2. What are the conditions under which 
the Blessed Sacrament may be kept in a 
church or chapel? 

(1) That the reservation be restricted to 
only one altar ; 

(2) where Mass is celebrated regularly 
(unless there be a special privilege exempt- 
ing from this rule). 

3 . How is the Blessed Sacrament to be kept? 
In a tahernacle which is either 

(a) on the high altar; or 
(&) on a sacrament altar within the sanc- 
tuary, or in a separate chapel. 

A. — The Tabeii:n^acle 

4. Of what material is the tabernacle to be ? 

(1) Of wood or some precious but solid 
material ; 

(2) the inner casing (made of wood) to be 
proof against dampness ; 



THE HOLY EUCHARIST 65 

(3) the lining within being of white satin. 

5. How is the tabernacle to be constructed ? 

(1) In the middle of the altar, and at a 
convenient distance from the front edge of 
the table {mensa) of the altar, so that the 
ciborium within may be easily reached by 
the celebrant without the aid of a step ; 

(2) having a door large enongh to admit 
the introduction of the ostensorium ; ^ 

(3) provided with a safe lock ; 

(4) the floor of the tabernacle being cov- 
ered with a corporal or pall. 

(5) There are to be no closets or drawers 
beneath the tabernacle for storing things of 
any kind. 

6. How is the tabernacle to be decorated 
externally? 

(1) It should have a veil or canopy of 
some precions material to cover it. This 
veil is to be ordinarily of the color of the 

1 In missionary countries it is customary to place only the 
lunula containing the Blessed Sacrament in the tabernacle. 



66 THE HOLY EUCHARIST 

feast or ferial (black is never to be placed 
on the tabernacle^ bnt violet when the office 
is of the dead). 

(2) Nothing (except the monstrance| 
should be placed on top of the taber- 
nacle containing the Blessed Sacrament. 

(3) Nothing should be placed on the 
altar directly in front of the tabernacle, 
except the altar card; and this only dur- 
ing Mass. 

7. Regarding the tabernacle, what is fur- 
ther to be noted? 

(1) That it be blessed by a special form 
found in the Ritual; 

(2) that nothing should be placed inside 
except the Blessed Sacrament; 

(3) that if the Blessed Sacrament be 
removed from the tabernacle, the door 
should be left open, and the light (sanc- 
tuary lamp) should be extinguished; 

(4) that the priest is the principal and per- 
sonal guardian of the key of the tabernacle. 



THE HOLY EUCHARIST 67 

B. — The Pyx (Ciborium) 

8. How is the pyx in which the sacred 
Host is kept to be fashioned? 

(1) Of solid material^ i.e, gold^ silver, 
or well plated (the same is required for 
the limula or circular band which holds 
the sacred Host) ; 

(2) of suitable form ; 

(3) supplied with well-closing cover ; 

(4) covered with a white silk veil, which 
is removed only during the Mass at which 
the Hosts are consecrated in the pyxis. 

9. The large Host for the ostensorium is 
to be kept 

In a separate case, or in the ostensorium 
(monstrance), which should also be covered 
with a silk veil ; the large Host is not to 
be kept, ordinarily, in the ciborium. 

10. Who has the right to handle the sacred 
vessels when they contain the Blessed Sac- 
rament ? 



68 THE HOLY EUCHARIST 

Deacons and priests^ vested (except in 
cases of necessity or urgency) in surplice 
and stole. Two candles should be lighted 
whenever the tabernacle is opened for the 
purpose of taking out the sacred Host. 

C. — The Lamp 

11. Is the keeping of a light burning be- 
fore the Blessed Sacrament of obligation? 

Yes. " PerpetuOy et quidem de prcecepto 
{lit videtar) sitb gi^avi^ 

12. Whose duty is it to provide the light ? 
That of the parish priest or rector, 

ordinarily. 

13. May more than one lamp be kept 
burning before the Blessed Sacrament? 

Laicdabiliter. Three^ five, seven, or more, 
in uneven numbers, and directly in front 
of the altar. 

14. What kind of oil is to be used? 
Olive oil, as a rule; if that cannot be 



MINISTRATION TO THE SICK AND DYING 69 

obtain edj vegetable oil ; or, with the con- 
sent of the Ordinary, any other oil obtain- 
able in the region. 

VI 

MINISTRATION TO THE SICK AND DYING 
A. — Visitation of the Sick 

1. What reasons bind the priest sub gravi 
to visit the sick ? 

(1) The ecclesiastical precept ; ^ 

(2) the law of charity ; 

(3) the law of justice in the case where 
the priest receives his support from the 
mission. 

2. To whom does this threefold obligation 
chiefly extend ? 

(1) To the poor ; 

(2) to those who are in sin ; 

(3) to those who^ by reason of grave suf- 
ferings, stand in especial need of religious 
consolation. 



70 MINISTRATION TO THE SICK AND DYING 

3. When is the priest bound to visit the 
sick ? 

Whenever he knows any one within his 
jurisdiction to be sick/ and as often as the 
patient needs priestly help, or reasonably 
demands it. 

4. What measures should the priest adopt 
to obtain this knowledge ? 

(1) Admonish his parishioners and do- 
mestics to inform him promptly of any 
serious case of sickness; 

(2) keep a book in which the names of 
the sick, the dates of visits made, the sacra- 
ments administered, etc., are registered. 

5. What method is to be observed in sick 
calls ? 

(1) The priest on entering the house says: 
Pax huic domui et omnibus habitantihiis m ea ; 

(2) sprinkles the patient and room with 
holy water, saying : Asperges me, Domine^ 
hyssopo, et mimdabor : lavdbis me^ et super 
nivem dealbdbor ; 



MINISTRATION TO THE SICK AND DYING 71 

(3) comforts the sick person, exhorts 
him to confession, and offers him any 
other special ministration Avhich he may 
need. 

(4) Before leaving he recites some prayers 
with and for the sick person as found in the 
Ritual or prayer-book, and concludes with 
the blessing: Benedictio Dei omnipoteiitis^ 
Patrisy ^ et Filii^ ►J^ et Spiritiis Sancti >^ . 
Amen, 

B. — The Blessed Sacrament for the Sick 

6. To what class of sick persons may the 
Blessed Sacrament be carried ? 

(1) As Viaticum to the following : 

(a) those who are in probable danger of 
death ; 

(6) those who will probably be unable to 
receive it later by reason of some special 
defect or impediment. 

(2) To other sick persons it is carried 
when they 



72 MINISTRATION TO THE SICK AND DYING 

(a) wish to fulfil the Paschal precept ; 
(6) on occasion of some special feast ; 
(c) whenever the sick person, properly 
disposed, fasting, reasonably asks for it. 

7. What obligation does the Ritual impose 
upon priests in this matter ? 

(1) That they instruct their people to 
ask for the Blessed Sacrament on the prin- 
cipal feasts of the year ; 

(2) that they may never lawfully refuse 
to bring it to those who ask for it. 

8. May the Blessed Sacrament be given 
repeatedly to persons who are not fasting? 

Yes ; whilst the danger lasts, and after 
the lapse of some days, or, according to 
many theologians (Croix, Tamburini, etc.), 
even daily if the person in danger of death 
desires it and is properly disposed to 
receive. 

9. What form is to be used in such a case ? 
The form, Acciioe^ frater {soror) Viati- 
cum^ etc. 



MINISTRATION TO THE SICK AND DYING 73 

10. To whom is the Blessed Sacrament 
not to be given? 

(1) To persons out of their mind; 

(2) to public sinners \ 

(3) to those who are afflicted with fre- 
quent vomiting, continuous coughing, or 
such other diseases as would endanger the 
reverence due to the Blessed Sacrament. 

C. — Carkying the Blessed Sacrament 
TO THE Sick 

Pve'paTation in the Church 

11. What things must be prepared in the 
church when the Blessed Sacrament is to be 
carried publicly to the sick? 

(1) The pyx or capsule wrapped in a 
burse, to be carried hanging from the neck 
(the Blessed Sacrament should not be car- 
ried loose in the coat pocket) ; 

(2) stole, white surplice (and white cope 
on very solemn occasions) ; 

(3) white silk humeral veil; 



74 MINISTRATION TO THE SICK AND DYING 

(4) burse (white) containing corporal and 
purificator ; 

(5) torch or lights ; 

(6) white canopy {umbrella)) 

(7) Ritual and bell ; 

(8) blessed water. 

Preparation in the Room of the Sick 

12. What preparations are to be made in 
the room of the sick ? 

(1) The room is to be cleansed, and all 
things offensive to the sacred presence are 
to be removed ; 

(2) a clean linen cloth is to be placed in 
front of the sick ; 

(3) a table covered with a clean linen 
cloth, on which are placed 

(a) two lighted wax candles ; 

(6) a glass with water for the ablution 
(usually given in a spoon) ; 

(c) a vessel containing blessed water (and 
a sprig to serve as a sprinkler). 



MINISTRATION TO THE SICK AND DYING 75 

Manner of Carrying the Blessed Sacrament 

13. What is to be observed regarding the 
privilege of taking the Blessed Sacrament to 
the sick ? 

(1) The Blessed Sacrament is to be carried 
to the sick with public solemnity where this 
can be done without creating disorder ; 

(2) among the faculties granted to mis- 
sionary priests in English-speaking countries 
is that of carrying the Blessed Sacrament to 
the sick privately ; 

(3) a priest on urgent sick calls has the 
right to obtain the Blessed Sacrament from 
any church near by, in order to administer 
the Viaticum to some dying person. 

14. How does the priest proceed when he 
has to carry the Blessed Sacrament solemnly 
to the sick? 

(1) He washes his hands; 

(2) puts on surplice and white stole (and 
on very solemn occasions white cope) ; takes 



76 MINISTRATION TO THE SICK AND DYING 

the burse containing the corporal^ unless the 
same has been previously placed on the altar ; 

(3) approaches the altar^ preceded by the 
server, who has previously lighted two 
candles ; 

(4) genuflects at the foot of the altar 
and prays for some moments; 

(5) puts on the white humeral veil, given 
him by the server ; 

(6) ascends the altar steps, spreads the 
corporal, opens the tabernacle, genuflects; 

(7) takes out the ciborium ; transfers one 
or more Hosts from the ciborium into the 
small pyx for the sick (unless he wishes to 
take the ciborium itself to the sick) ; 

(8) genuflects, closes the tabernacle ; 

(9) purifies his fingers in the small vessel 
on the altar containing water for the ablution ; 

(10) places the pyx in its silk wrapping, 
and, taking hold of it with the end of the 
humeral veil so as to cover it, turns to 
follow the acolytes. 



MINISTRATION TO THE SICK AND DYING 77 

15. The order of proceeding to the house 
of the sick is as follows : 

(1) First goes an acolyte carrying a lan- 
tern or torch; 

(2) next follow two clerics, one carrying 
the holy water and a burse, with corporal, 
the other carrying the Ritual and bell ; 

(3) the priest, with head uncovered, re- 
citing the Miserere or other prayers, pro- 
tected, if possible, by a baldachino or white 
silk umbrella made for this purpose only. 

16. In cases of long and difficult journeys, 
how is the Blessed Sacrament carried? 

The celebrant carries the Blessed Sacra- 
ment in a white silk burse, and is, if pos- 
sible, accompanied by a server, with lantern. 

[N.B. — These rules apply to the United States 
(Cone. Bait. II., 264), as well as to other missionary 
countries, wherever they can be carried out with 
due reverence.] 

17. What order is to be observed in ad- 
ministering the Viaticum? 



78 MINISTRATION TO THE SICK AND DYING 

(1) The priest, entering the room of the 
sick, says : Pax hitic domid et omnibus hahi- 
tantibiis in ea ; then 

(2) unfolds the corporal on the table ; 

(3) takes the pyx containing the Blessed 
Sacrament from its casing and places it on 
the corporal ; 

(4) takes off the humeral veil; genu- 
flects ; 

(5) sprinkles first the sick person, then 
the room, with holy water, saying : 

Asperges me^ Domine^ hyssopo, et munda- 
hor : lavabis me^ et super iiivem dealbctbor. 
Adjutorium nostrum in nomine Domini : 
Qui fecit coelum et terrain. Domine exaudi 
orationem meam : Et clamor meus ad te 
veniat. — Dominus vohiscum : Et cum. sjnr- 
itu tuo. — Or emus : Exaudi nos^ Domine 
sancte^ Pater omnipotens^ ceterne Deus ; 
et mittere digneris sanctum angelum tuum 
de coelisy qui custodiat^ foveat^ protegat^ 
visitet^ atque defendat omnes habitantes in 



MINISTRATION TO THE SICK AND DYING 79 

hoc habitacido . Per Christum Domimim 
7ios^rum. Amen. 

(6) The priest then approaches the sick 
bed in order to ascertain whether the patient 
is properly disposed to receive the Blessed 
Sacrament ; 

(7) if the sick person desires to confess, 
the priest quietly uirects those present to 
leave the room for a "hort time ; 

(8) he then hears the "confession of the 
patient, and prepares him for the worthy 
reception of the Blessed Eucharist; 

(9) directs that a linen communion 
cloth be placed in front of the sick 
person ; 

(10) next the Confiteor is recited, either 
by the sick person, or one of the bystanders ; 

(11) the priest opens the pyx, genuflects, 
turns toward the sick person, and standing, 
says : Misereatur hii, etc., Indidgentiam^ etc., 
tiiorum^ etc. (making the sign of the cross 
over the sick person) ; 



80 MINISTRATION TO THE SICK AND DYING 

(12) turns toward the Blessed Sacrament 
and genuflects; 

(13) takes the sacred Host, and elevat- 
ing it in sight of the sick^ says : Ecce 
Agnus Dei^ ecce qui tollit peccata mundi ; 
then thrice, Domine^ noii sum. dignus ut 
intres siib tectum meum ; sed tcmtum die 
verho^ et sancibitur auima mea; 

(14) having made the sign of the cross 
with the Host, he gives it to the sick per- 
son, saying : Accipe^ frater [soror)^ Viaticum 
corporis Domiui nostri Jesu Christi qui te 
custodiat ah Jioste maligno^ et perducat in 
vitam ceternam. Amen; 

(15) places the pyx on the corporal, 
genuflects, removes any particles that may 
adhere to his fingers into the pyx, and 
closes it; 

(16) purifies his fingers in some water 
out of the glass poured into a spoon, which 
he gives either to the sick person to drink, 
or returns to the glass that it may be poured 



MINISTRATION TO THE SICK AND DYING 81 

into the fire, unless he prefers for the sake 
of reverence to carry it with him to the 
church, where it is poured iiito the sacrarium. 

[IST.B. — If he fears that the sick person cannot 
well take the ablution, or that it cannot be poured 
into the fire, he simply wets part of the purificator 
and applies it to his fingers.] 

(17) If he carry the small pyx ordinarily 
used in private visitation of the sick, he now 
wraps it in the case which usually contains it ; 

(18) says : Domimis vohiscum^ etc. Ore- 
mils : Domine saiicte Pater omnipotens^ 
ceterne Deiis^ te fideliter deprecamur^ ut ac- 
cipienti fratri nostro {sorori iiostrce) sacro- 
sanctum Corpus Domini nostri Jesu Christi 
Filii tidy tarn corpori quam aniince prosit ad 
remediiim sempiternum. Qui tecum vivit^ etc. ; 

(19) either stays a short time with the 
sick person to aid him in making thanks- 
giving after communion, or, if necessary, 
suggests this to the attendants. 

18. If the priest carries the large pyx 



82 MINISTRATION TO THE SICK AND DYING 

containing the Blessed Sacrament, which is 
to be taken back to the church, 

(1) he puts on the humeral veil ; 

(2) genuflects, and taking the pyx cov- 
ered with the veil, 

(3) makes the sign of the cross with it 
toward the sick person ; 

(4) goes back to the church, reciting 
Ps. 148, Laudate Domimim de codis^ laitdate 
eiim ill excelsisy and other suitable psalms 
or hymns ; 

(5) arriving at the altar, he deposits the 
Blessed Sacrament on the corporal and 
genuflects ; 

(6) descends to the foot of the altar, 
kneels on the lowest step, and recites Panem 
de coelo prcestitisti eis : Omne delectamentum 
in se hahentem ; 

[N. B. — The versicles and Psalms are the same 
throughout the entire year, and there is no AUehija 
to be added during the Paschal season.] 

(7) rises to recite : Dominus vobiscum^ etc. ; 



MINISTRATION TO THE SICK AND DYING 83 

Oremics : DeiiSy qui nohis sitb Sacramento 
7nirahili passionis tuce memoriam reliquisti: 
trihue, qucesumicSy ita nos corporis et sail- 
guinis tiii sacra mysteria venerari; iit re- 
demptionis tuce fructum in nohis jugiter 
sentiamus : Qui vivis et regnas cum Deo 
Patre in imitate^ etc. 

(8) genuflects^ and turns to the faithful to 
announce the indulgences gained for accom- 
panying the Blessed Sacrament to the sick ; 

(9) takes the pyx covered with the hu- 
meral veilj andj turning, blesses the people ; 

(10) replaces the pyx in the tabernacle 

in the usual manner. 

[N. B. — If a deacon in case of necessity admin- 
isters the Viaticum, he observes the same cere- 
monies.] 

D. — Communion solemnly Administered 
TO THE Sick (^ex devotione^ 

19. In giving communion solemnly (not as 
Viaticum) to the sick^ the same order is 
observed as above, except that : 



84 MINISTRATION TO THE SICK AND DYING 

(i) Instead of saying : Misereatur tui . . . 
peccatis titis^ etc.^ and Indulgentiam , , . 
peccatorum tuoruni^ etc.^ the priest says: 
Misereatur vestri . . . vestris and j^eoGCiioricm 
vestrorum, 

(2) the ordinary form. Corpus Domini 
7iostri Jesu Christi custodial animam tuam 
in vitam ceternam, Amen^ is used in place of 
Accipe^ frater (soror) Viaticum^ etc. 

20. If after administering the sacred Host 
to the sick there remain no Host in the 
pyx, how does the priest proceed ? 

(1) He blesses the sick with his hand, 
saying, Benedictio Dei oinnipotentis^ Patris, 
et Filii^ et Spiritits Sanctis descendat super te, 
et maneat semper; 

(2) takes off the stole and surplice ; 

(3) returns without ceremony. 

21. What if several sick persons (in hos- 
pitals, etc.) are to be communicated at the 
same time ? 

The above-mentioned ceremonies are ob- 



MINISTRATION TO THE SICK AND DYING 85 

served once for all the sick actually pres- 
ent ; only the form Co?yus Domini^ or Accipe^ 
frater (soro?^) Viaticum^ said in giving the 
sacred Host^ is repeated for each person 
separately. 

22. How is communion administered to 
the sick during Holy Week, that is from 
the time after Holy Thursday to the Mass 
of Holy Saturday ? 

(1) It is not to be given except per 
modiim Viatici ; 

(2) the prayers and psalms are said with 
the doxology, Gloria Patri^ etc. 

(3) the white stole is to be used ; 

(4) but no bell is to be sounded. 

23. May a priest administer the Viaticum 
during Mass ? 

(1) Generally not^ unless it can be so 
done that 

(2) the celebrant administering Viaticum 
remains in sight of the altar. 

24. How is Viaticum given in that case ? 



86 MINISTRATION TO THE SICK AND DYING 

(1) In the same manner as communion 
is given to the faithful at Mass ; except 
that 

(2) the form Accijye, frater {soror) Viati- 
ciim^ etc.^ is to be used. 

E. — Private Administration of 
Viaticum 

25. What things are to be provided by the 
priest having to carry the Viaticum privately 
to a dying person ? 

(1) On the altar: 

(a) a vessel with water and a little towel ; 
(&) two candles burning ; 

(c) white burse containing corporal ; 

[d) tabernacle key. 

(2) In the sacristy : 

(a) surplice and white stole ; 
(&) small pyx in silk case to hold the 
Blessed Sacrament ; 
(c) Ritual ; oil-stocks. 

26. How does the priest proceed ? 



MINISTRATION TO THE SICK AND DYING 87 

(1) He puts on surplice and stole ; 

(2) takes the case containing pyx, and 
goes to the altar ; 

(3) after the customary genuflection and 
a short prayer at the foot of the altar, he 
spreads the corporal, and opens the pyx ; 

(4) opens the tabernacle door and genu- 
flects ; 

(5) transfers one or more Particles from 
the ciborium into the pyx ; 

(6) closes the pyx and covers the cibo- 
rium, which he puts back into the taber- 
nacle ; genuflects ; closes the tabernacle 
door ; 

(7) purifies his fingers in the vessel of 
water placed on the altar for that purpose ; 

(8) fastens the pyx case, folds the cor- 
poral, etc. ; 

(9) descends and prays a few minutes ; 

(10) hastens reverently to the sick. 

[N.B. — If the small pyx containing the Blessed 
Sacrament has already been prepared and placed 



88 MINISTRATION TO THE SICK AND DYING 

in the tabernacle, so that the priest need not open 
the ciborium and transfer the Particles, etc., he 
may take the pyx case from the tabernacle without 
being vested with surplice and stole and without 
lights.] 

F. — Viaticum in Cases of Imminent 
Death 

27. How does the priest administer Viati- 
cum when he fears that death may take 
away the patient before all the prescribed 
ceremonies can be performed? 

(1) He gives absolution at once ; 

(2) then administers Viaticum^ pronounc- 
ing the usual form^ Accipe.f rater (soror)^ etc. 

28. If the person continues to live, does 
the priest supply the omitted prayers ? 

No (but at once administers Extreme 
Unction). 

29. If the person dies before being able to 
swallow the sacred Species ? 

(1) The priest takes it reverently from 
his tongue ; 



MINISTRATION TO THE SICK AND DYING 89 

(2) wraps it in the corporal or puts it 
in some vessel (not in the pyx); 

(3) takes it with him to the church ; 

(4) puts it in some secure place near 
the tabernacle or in the sacristy (in a 
separate vessel) donee corrumpatur^ after 
which it is put in the sacrarium. 

G. — Distribution of Communion 

OUTSIDE THE MaSS 

30. How is communion distributed outside 
the Mass ? 

(1) Two candles are lighted on the altar ; 

(2) a burse of the color of the feast or 
office, and containing the corporal, is either 
placed on the altar or carried by the priest ; 

(3) a small vessel with water and a little 
towel for purifying the priest's fingers after 
the distribution of the Blessed Sacrament 
is placed on the altar. 

31. How does the priest proceed? 

(1) He washes his hands in the sacristy ; 



90 MINISTRATION TO THE SICK AND DYING 

(2) puts on surplice and stole (color of 
the day) ; 

(3) goes to the altar [capite tecto^ mani- 
hits junctis nisi deferat hicrsam) ; 

(4) genuflects, and prays a moment at 
the foot of the altar ; 

(5) ascends the steps and unfolds the 
corporal ; 

(6) takes the ciborium from the taber- 
nacle ; 

(7) waits until the server has recited 
the Conjiteor ; then turns to say Mise- 
reatur vestriy etc. (always in the plural, 
"vestri^'' even if communion is distributed 
to one person) ; 

(8) takes ciborium, turns to the people, 
and holding a Host in his riglit hand above 
the ciborium, says : Ecce Agims Dei^ ecee 
qui tollit peccata mundi. — Domine^ non 
sum digmis id intres sub tectum meum ; sed 
tantum die verho, et sanabitur anima mea 
(thrice) ; 



MINISTRATION TO THE SICK AND DYING 91 

(9) descends, and beginning at the Epis- 
tle side, distributes communion, saying : Cor- 
pus Domini nostri Jesii Christi custodiat 
animam tuam in vitam cetevjiam. Amen; 

(10) returns to the altar, deposits cibo- 
rium on the corporal, genuflects, covers 
the ciborium ; 

(11) purifies his fingers, whilst he says 

(12) {alia voce) the antiphon : Sacrum 
Convivium in quo Christus sitmitiir^ reco- 
litur memoria passioiiis ejiis^ mens imioletur 
gratia^ et futurce glorice nohis pignits datitr, 
— Panem de coelo proestitisti eis: Omne delec- 
tameiitum in se hahentem, Dominus vohis- 
cum, etc. — Oremics : Dens qui nohis sub 
sacrame7ito m^irabilij etc. (during Paschal 
time Allelitja is added to the versicle, and 
the prayer is : Oremus : Spiritum nohis^ 
Domine tuce charitatis infunde^ ut qitos Sacra- 
mentis paschalihus satiastij tua facias pietate 
Concordes. Per Christum Dominum nos- 
trum. Amen) ; 



92 MINISTRATION TO THE SICK AND DYING 

(13) puts ciborium in tabernacle; genu- 
flects, and closes tabernacle door; 

(14) turns toward the people and blesses 
them^ saying [alta voce), Benedictio Dei 
omnipotentisy etc., 

(15) folds corporal ; puts it in the burse ; 

returns to the sacristy, after the usual 

genuflection at the foot of the altar. 

[N.B. — (1) The blessing is to be given when- 
ever communion is distributed outside Mass, even 
during Exposition of the Blessed Sacrament ; 

(2) the priest does not kiss the altar before 
giving the blessing; 

(3) the blessing is not given with the ciborium ; 

(4) the ablution is either consumed in a sub- 
sequent Mass or poured into the sacrarium.'] 

H. — Communion immediately before 
OR AFTER Mass 

32. May communion be distributed im- 
mediately before or after Mass ? 

(1) Yes^ whenever there is a reasonable 
cause ; 

(2) even before or after requiem Masses, 



EXTREME UNCTION 93 

in which case the celebrant omits the 
blessings and the Alleliija in Paschal time ; 

(3) communion may be distributed by 
a priest at the altar on which the taber- 
nacle is located when he passes it on his 
way to say Mass at some other altar. 

33. How is this done? 

The priest, f^Hy vested for Mass, pro- 
ceeds to the altar of the Blessed Sacra- 
ment, places the chalice on the table of 
the altar, toward the Gospel side, takes 
the corporal from the burse, and unfolds 
it; then opens the tabernacle, and pro- 
ceeds in the manner described for dis- 
tributing communion extra Missam. 

VII 

EXTREME UNCTION 

A. — Holy Oils 

1. Where are the holy oils to be kept? 

(1) In the church (as a rule) ; or 

(2) in the sacristy ; or 



94 EXTREME UNCTIO:^' 

(3) in the house, if the church be too far 
away J and there is probable danger that the 
oils may not always be at hand when needed ; 

(4) in a closet, clean and suitable for 
the purpose; 

(5) in a silver vessel, wrapped in a case 
lined with violet silk, and so made that 
it may be suspended from the neck. 

B. — The Anointing 

2. How is the anointing done ? 

(1) On each of the sense-organs, begin- 
ning at the right side (of the sick person) ; 

(2) in the form of a cross ; 

(3) made by inserting the inner part 
of the thumb into the oil before each 
unction {7iisi sensus sit diqylex) ; 

(4) immediately wiping off each unction 
with a fresh piece of cotton. 

[N.B. — If the sick person lacks any organ, such 
as a handj a foot, etc., the unction is applied to the 
nearest part.] 



EXTREME UNCTION 95 

C. — Preparation 

3. What things should be prepared in the 
room of the person to be anointed? 

(1) Table with clean white cover j 

(2) crucifix; 

(3) wax candle ; 

(4) plate with six small balls of cotton ; 

(5) blessed water and sprinkler; 

(6) a small piece of soft bread to wipe 
the oil from the fingers ; a basin for wash- 
ing the hands after the ceremony. 

4. How does the priest proceed to the 
sick chamber? 

(1) He provides himself with Ritual and 
oil-stocks ; 

(2) which latter he suspends from his 
neck, and promptly and reverently goes 
to the house of the sick person. 

5. Arrived at the house, 

(1) he says as he enters : Pax hide 
domui et omnibus hahitantihus in ea ; 



96 EXTREME UNCTION 

(2) deposits the holy oils on the table ; 

(3) puts on the violet stole (surplice 
also if customary) ; 

(4) presents the crucifix to the patient; 

(5) sprinkles him, and those assisting, 
with holy water, saying: 

Asperges me^ Domine^ liyssopo^ et munda- 
hor : lavahis me^ et super nivem dealbabor, 

(6) hears the sick person's confession 
(if need be) ; 

(7) briefly explains the virtue and grace 
of the Sacrament of Extreme Unction ; 

(8) prays aloud that the person to be 
anointed may obtain the full benefit of 
the Sacrament. 

6. Taking the Ritual, he says : 
Adjittorium nostrum in nomine Domini^ 
qui fecit coelum et terram. — Dominus vohis- 
cum, et cum spiritu tuo. Then follow three 
orations as in the Ritual. After this the 
Confiteor is said by the sick person or the 
attendant. 



EXTREME UNCTION 97 

7. How is Extreme Unction administered? 

(1) In nomine Patris ^ et Filii ►J^ et 
Spiritus >i^ sancti^ extinguatur in te omnis 
virtus didboli^ per inipositionem manuiim 
nostrarum et per invocationem omnium 
sanctorum Angelorum^ Archangelorum^ Pa- 
triarchancm^ Prophetariim^ Apos tolorum^ 
Martyrum^ Confessoriim^ Virginum, atqiie 
omnium simul Sanctorum. Allien, 

(2) Having placed book^ candle^ and cot- 
ton pieces in a convenient position, 

(3) he takes tlie oil-stock in his left 
hand, and 

(4) anoints each organ (beginning at the 
right side, and immediately after each 
unction wipes off the oil). 

(5) The order of the unction is as follows : 
(a) Upon the eyelids of the closed eyes 

whilst he says : Per istam sanctam itnctionem 
►J^ et suam piissimam misericordiam^ indid- 
geat tihi Dominiis quidquid per visum deli- 
qiiisti. Amen. 



98 EXTREME UNCTION 

(b) The lobes of the ears: Per istam 
sanctam iinctioiiem ^^ et , . , quidqidd per 
AUDiTUM deliqidsti. Amen. 

(c) The extremity of the nose^ or on each 
of the nostrils: Per istarn sanctam iinctio- 
nem )^^ et . . . quidquid per odoratum dxli- 
quistL Amen. 

(d) The compressed lips : Per istam sanc- 
tam unctionem. >^^ et . . . quidquid per GUS- 
TUM et LOCUTiONEM deliqidsti. Amen. 

{e) The hands (the palms of the hands 
in the case of lay persons, the outside of 
the hands in the case of priests) : Per istam 
sanctam imctionem ^^ et . . . quidquid per 
TACTUM deliquisti. Amen. 

(/) The feet (the instep or the sole) : Per 
istam sanctam unctionem ^^ et . . . quidquid 
per GRESSUM deliquisti. Amen. 

It is not customary to anoint the loins^ 
but the form and prayer given in the Ritual 
are to be retained in the official text : Per 
istam sanctam unctionem et suam piissi- 



EXTREME UNCTION 99 

mam misericordiam mditlgeat tihi Dominiis 
quidquid per lumborum delectationem deli- 
qiiisti. Amen, 

(6) Having placed the oil-stock on the 
table, he cleanses his fingers (removing the 
oil with the piece of bread, then with water) ; 

(7) closes the oil-stocks ; 

(8) recites the prayers which follow in 
the Ritual: Kyrie^ eleison^ etc. Or emus : 
Domine Deits . . . Oremiis : Hesjnce^ qiicesu- 
miis . . . Oremiis : Domine sancte. , . . 

(9) Then he briefly admonishes the sick 
person to resignation, and makes an act of 
thanksgiving with those present for the 
graces of the Sacrament. 

NoTA. — If there be no crucifix and blessed water 
in the sick man's house, the priest should provide 
them. 

In case of approaching death the priest is to 
recite the Commendatio animce (which follows in 
the E/itual after the Ritus Benedictionis Apostolicce, 
Tit. v., cap. 7), with the dying. See Chap. IX., 
p. 109. 

I clC. 



100 EXTREME UNCTION 

(10) Before leaving the house of the sick 
the priest gathers the pieces of cotton used 
in the anointing. These he burns either in 
the house of the sick^ or at the church 5 the 
ashes are thrown in the sacrarium. 

D. — Extreme Unction in Case of Imminent 
Death 

8. What must a priest do if called to a 
sick person and finds the same to h6 near 
death ? 

(1) He immediately gives sacramental 
absolution^ saying : Ugo te absolvo ah omPoi- 
hits censuris et peccatis in nomine Patris 1^ 
et Filii et Sjnritiis sancti. Amen, 

(2) Then he recites the Confiteor^ Miser e- 
atiir^ and Inditlgentiam^ and begins at once 
with the form preceding the unctions : In 
nomine Patris ^ et Filii ^ et Spiritits ^ 
sanctij extingiiatitr in te^ etc., or, 

(3) if there be danger in delay, he begins 
at the words : Per istam s. imctionem^ etc., 



EXTREME UNCTION 101 

anointing each of the senses, as directed in 
the Ritual ] or, 

(4) if the death seem immediately instant, 
anoints the forehead, saying : Per istam sane- 
tarn unctionem indulgeat tibi Dominus quid- 
quid deliquisti per omnes sensus tuos. Amen^ 
or, 

(5) Per istam sanctam unctionem^ et suam 
piissimam misericordiarriy indulgeat tihi Do- 
minus quidquid deliquisti per sensus^ visiim^ 
auditum^ odoratum^ gustum^ et factum. Amen. 

NoTA. — In urgent cases the sacred oil is wiped 
off after all the unctions have been performed. If 
the patient survive, the unction of the separate 
senses, previously omitted, may be supplied. In 
this case the form is : Si nondum es hoc sacramento 
refectus — per istam sanctam unctionem^ etc. The 
words Si nondum es, etc., are said only before the 
first unction. 

9. If the sick person dies during the 
anointing ? 

The priest proceeds at once with the Suh- 
venite Sancti Dei. 



102 EXTREME UNCTION 

10. If the priest be in doubt whether the 
patient is living or dead ? 

(1) He anoints him siib conditione ; 

(2) saying : Si vivis — per istam^ etc. 

11. What if the dying person regains 
strength after having been anointed by' the 
short form? 

The omitted prayers are supplied. First 
those that precede the unction^ then those 
that follow. 

12. Is it a grave peccatum to omit the pray- 
ers of the Ritual except in cases of necessity? 

If it be done through culpable negli- 
gence^ theologians hold it to be " sine diibio 
mortaUy 

E. — Extreme Unction in Contagious 
Diseases 

13. How is the priest to act in cases of 
contagious disease? 

(1) Ordinarily speaking he is not to omit 
any of the rites and ceremonies prescribed 



EXTREME UNCTION 103 

in the Ritual, except he feel that the con- 
tact and delay with the infected patient 
subject him to positive danger of life. 

(2) In such cases only is he at liberty to 
use the short form and anoint the five senses 
^^per modum unius." Tlie imction of the 
feet is usually omitted in all cases in which 
it would expose the patient to grave incon- 
venience or prove dangerous to the attend- 
ants in contagious disease by reason of the 
delay^ etc. 

(3) A separate oil-stock should be used 
for the administration of Extreme Unction 
in cases of contagious disease. 

(4) The use of an instrument to protect the 
thumb against the touch of the disease is per- 
mitted^ though hardly necessary and rarely 
advisable. In very virulent cases, where the 
surface is putrid, the same instrument should 
not be dipped into the sacred oils, at least not 
without being disinfected thoroughly before 
being used for other patients. 



104 EXTBEME UKCTION 

F. — Administkatioist of Viaticum and 

Extreme Unction Together 

« 

14. What order is to be observed when 
both Sacraments are administered together ? 

(1) The usual preparation having been 
made — 

(2) the Blessed Sacrament is administered 
in the form of Viaticum ; 

(3) the remaining ceremonies for adminis- 
tering Viaticum are carried out as far as the 
closing of the pyx and the giving of the ab- 
lution to the patient with the prayer, Dom- 
ine sancte Pater omnipotens^ following. Then 

(4) the priest assumes the violet stole 
instead of the white; and 

(5) administers Extreme Unction in the 
ordinary way prescribed in the Ritual ; 

(6) omitting only the Pax huic domu% 
etc., the Asperges^ etc. 

(7) In urgent cases he administers both 
Sacraments by the short rite given above. 



EXTREME UNCTION 105 

and omits all that is not essential to valid 
administration. 

(8) When death is imminent, the indul- 
gence "in articulo mortis'' is given at once, 
as directed in the next chapter. 

(9) Should a person be dying, the Com- 
mendatio aiiimce^ as directed in Chap. IX., 
is made immediately. 

(10) The blessing either with the pyx 
containing the sacred Host, or (if there be 
no sacred Host in the pyx) the ordinary 
Benediction, Benedictio omnipotentis Dei 
JPatris ^ et Filii et Spiritus sancti desceiidat 
super vos et maneat semper, Amen^ is given 
by the priest before he leaves. 

15. When a number of persons receive 
Extreme Unction ? 

(1) All the rites prescribed in the Ritual, 
as given above, are performed over each of 
the sick separately, but 

(2) the prayers and psalms are recited 
in the plural number for all. 



106 THE APOSTOLIC BLESSING 

VIII 

THE APOSTOLIC BLESSING "IN ARTICULO 
MORTIS" 

1. The Apostolic Blessing by which the 
plenary indulgence **in articulo mortis *' is 
granted is a privilege which on the part of 
the priest 

(1) requires a special faculty ; 

(2) to be exercised within the limits of 
ordinary jurisdiction ; 

(3) but when once it has been granted 
by the Ordinary it becomes part of the 
regular pastoral functions to be exercised 
by the priest who has received it until it is 
expressly revoked by the bishop. 

(4) As a rule it is to be administered 
according to the full form prescribed in the 
Ritual. 

(5) The Confiteor^ Miser eatiir^ and Indul- 
gentiam should be repeated before imparting 
the Apostolic Blessing. 



THE APOSTOLIC BLESSING lOT 

(6) In case of immediate urgency it is 
sufficient to say: Ego facultate mihi ah 
Apostolica Sede trihuta^ indulgentiam plena- 
riam et remissio7iem omnium peccatorum tibi 
concedo, — In nomine Patris ►J^ et Filii et 
Spiritiis sancti. Amen. 

2. To what class of sick persons is this 
blessing imparted ? 

To those who are in danger of death^ 
unless they are excommunicated or impeni- 
tent; that is, generally, to any one to 
whom Extreme Unction or Viaticum may 
be administered. 

3. What are the particular conditions re- 
quired for gaining the indulgence ? 

(1) Sickness involving actual danger of 
death ; 

(2) presumable state of grace ; 

(3) confession, or, at least, an act of con- 
trition ; 

(4) the invocation, at least mentally^ of 
the holy name of " Jesus " ; 



108 THE APOSTOLIC BLESSING 

(5) the supposed intention (at least habit- 
ual) of receiving the indulgence ; 

(6) resignation in accepting death as a 
penalty for sin according to God's will. 

NoTA. — In the case of unconscious patients these 
requisites cannot always be explicitly verified, but 
if they can be supposed to exist the indulgence 
should be imparted. 

4. Can the last blessing be repeated? 
YeSj like Extreme Unction, when, after 

recovery, the immediate danger of death 
returns. 

5. May this blessing be given by several 
priests to the same person in the same 
^^articulo mortis'^ ? 

No. The blessing is imparted by one 
priest, at the time when death is supposed 
to be imminent. (S. I. Cong. 18 Mar. 
1879; S. R. Cong. 7 Mai. 1882; Breve 
Pont. 7 Jul. 1882.) 



" COMMEND ATIO ANIM^ " 109 

IX 

THE "COMMEISTDATIO ANIM^" AT THE 
HOUR OF DEATH 

1. When is the ''Commendatio animo" to 
be recited ? 

At the approach of the last agony. 

N.B. — Sacerdos morientem (etiam diutius ago 
nizantem) sine necessitate deserere non debet. 

2. What order is to be foHowed ? 

(1) The priest entering the house says : 
Pax huic domui^ et omnibus habitantibiis in ea; 

(2) sprinkles holy water upon the sick, 
saying: Asperges me^ Domine^ hyssopo^ et 
mimdabor : lavabis me^ et super nivem 
dealbahor ; 

(3) gives the crucifix (deosciilandum) to 
the dying ; 

(4) lights the blessed candle and puts it 
in the hands of the dying person ; 

(5) puts on surplice and (violet) stole^ 
unless circumstances advise otherwise ; 



110 " COMMEND ATIO ANIM^" 

(6) invites those present to join him in 
prayer, and suggests devout aspirations and 
pious intentions to the dying person. 

(7) Then he kneels down and recites 
aloud the Litany and other prayers found in 
the Ritual or prayer-book, up to the moment 
of death. 

(8) As soon as the signs of the last agony 
indicate approaching death, he says: Pro- 
ficiscere anima Christiana^ cle hoc mimdo^ etc., 
as in the Ritual, down to Delicta jiiventutis 
et ignorantias ejics^ etc. 

(9) The remaining prayers may be said 
as time and circumstances permit. 

3. How is the body disposed after death ? 

(1) The eyes and mouth are gently closed; 

(2) the body is washed ; 

(3) the limbs stretched, the face turned 
heavenward ; 

(4) the corpse is wrapped in a white 
shroud, etc.; 

(5) a small crucifix is placed on the breast ; 



KITES FOR THE DEAD 111 

(6) the body is placed in a room in which 

(a) one or more lights are kept burning ; 

(h) a glass of blessed water placed by the 
side of the dead^, that the body may be 
sprinkled at intervals ; 

(c) some persons should remain with the 
body in prayer. 

NoTA. — These arrangements are not properly 
the duty of the priest, but of those who have 
charge of the dead. 



KITES FOK THE DEAD 
A. — Funeral Obsequies 

1. What obligation has the rector of a 
church with regard to funerals? 

(1) to perform the customary ceremonies 
in the manner prescribed by the Ritual ; 

(2) to do so promptly and with reverence ; 

(3) without cavilling about the stipend; 
or without exacting any remuneration from 
those who are poor. 



112 RITES FOR THE DEAD 

2. What rights has the rector of a church 
with regard to funerals ? 

(1) The right to perform obsequies over 
his parishioners in his own church ; 

(2) even if they die outside the parish, 
provided the corpse can be brought to the 
parish church ; 

(3) to assist at the obsequies of his pa- 
rishioners when they are buried in another 
parish ; in this case he has the right to per- 
form the service of the Ritual at the coffin 
in the house of the dead, but the rites pre- 
scribed to be performed in the church be- 
long to the rector of the place where the 
body is buried; 

(4) to retain the stipend offered on the 
occasion, unless the Diocesan statutes pro- 
vide otherwise. To exact the same before 
agreeing to perform the rites of the Church, 
or to make their payment a conditio sine qua 
nouy is forbidden by the canons. These 
canons provide that if the parish priest 



RITES FOR THE DEAD 113 

refuse to perform the funeral rites unless 
he receive in advance the customary sti- 
pend^ any other pastor may lawfully hold 
the funeral in his own church. 

(5) When the rites are performed in two 
churches in succession the perquisites are 
apportioned in such a way that the parish 
church obtains the principal part. 

(6) In case of the death of a priest^ the 
funeral rites are performed either by 

(a) the priest who takes his place in the 
administration of the parish^ or by 

(&) the rector of the neighboring parish^ 
or 

(c) by some priest especially designated 
by the Ordinary^ according to the custom 
of the place. 

B. — Place of Burial 

3. To whom belongs the right of choosing 
the place of burial ? 

(1) Every one of the faithful has the 



114 RITES FOR THE DEAD 

right to designate his or her own place of 
burial; . 

(2) when no special choice has been made, 
the parish cemetery is the place of burial ; 

(3) Religious who have made simple vows 
are governed by the ordinary law ; Regu- 
lars exempt follow the law contained in 
their Constitution. 

(4) Persons who die in hospitals are to 
be buried in the cemetery of the parish 
where they have had domicile. 

4. The particular place of burial is to be 
either in 

(1) the church, at some distance from the 
altar; or 

(2) the cemetery. 

(3) All graves which are blessed and lie 
outside churches or regular cemeteries are 
to be marked by a cross to indicate their 
Christian character. 

(4) The graves of clerics should be sepa- 
rated from those of the laity. 



RITES FOR THE DEAD 115 

(5) Priests should be buried with the head 
toward the east, or, if the tomb be in the 
churchy with the head toward the altar. 
The reverse is the rule with the laity. 

(6) No corpse buried in a blessed place 
may be disinterred without permission from 
the Ordinary. 

5. How are cemeteries to be arranged ? 

(1) They are to be enclosed by a protect- 
ing fence ; 

(2) to have a large crucifix in the centre ; 

(3) to have neither fruit trees, or any- 
thing that may occasion their being utilized 
for profane purposes ; 

(4) to have a separate plot assigned for 
the unbaptized and those to whom Christian 
burial with the rites of the Church cannot 
be given. 

C. — Time of Burial 

6. When is the body to be buried ? 

(1) Not until the time prescribed by the 



116 RITES FOR THE DEAD 

civil or ecclesiastical law has elapsed after 
the death of the person to be buried ; 

(2) with the prescribed ceremonies of the 
Church and^ if possible, after the celebration 
of Mass ; 

(3) never at night, unless in case of 
necessity and by the permission of the 
Ordinary. 

7. When may the solemn obsequies take 
place? 

On all days of the year, except during 
the Triduum Sacrum of Holy Week, that is 
Holy Thursday, Good Friday, and Holy 
Saturday, afternoon; during this time the 
office and the prayers are recited privately, 
ix. without chant. During Exposition of 
the Blessed Sacrament oh pithlicam causam 
(such as Forty Hours' Adoration), the obse- 
quies are likewise performed without chant, 
and, if possible, in a separate chapel where 
the devotion of the Blessed Sacrament is 
not interfered with. 



RITES FOR THE DEAD 117 

D. — The Fukeral Mass 

8. Is the Mass a regular accompaniment 
of funerals ? 

Yes^ unless necessity or the solemnity of 
the feast prevent it. 

9. Is the priest obliged to say Mass for 
the deceased who are too poor to offer the 
customary stipend ? 

Apart from the law of charity and the 
command of the bishop, the priest is not 
obliged to apply the Mass for the intention 
of the poor, but this should not cause the 
Mass to be omitted, unless it be for other 
grave reasons. The canons ordain that 
there be a fund for this purpose if the 
priest cannot supply the Mass gratis. 

E. — The Office of the Dead 

10. What are the general rules for the 
recitation of the Office of the Dead? 

(1) There is no strict obligation to recite 
the Canonical Office of the Dead ; 



118 RITES FOK THE DEAD 

(2) but when it is recited, either the 
whole Office or one Nocturn together with 
Lauds should be chanted. 

(3) At the end of each psalm the versicle 
Reqider)i ceternam dona eis, Doniine^ et lux 
perpetita litceat eis is added, in place of the 
Gloria Patri. 

(4) The celebrant should wear surplice 
and black stole. 

11. Why are the lights to be lit about 
the coffin during the chanting of the Office ? 

In threefold signification of homage to 
the departed^ supplication for his eternal 
repose, and as a symbol of the life that has 
vanished and the faith that illumines it on 
the way to heaven. 

F. — Customs 

12. What are the general rules for observ- 
ance of ceremonies on occasion of funeral 
obsequies ? 

Everythuig is to be observed that is pre- 



EITES FOR THE DEAD 119 

scribed in the Roman Ritual^ according to 
the custom and manner becoming place and 
persons and times. 

13 . May special local customs be retained ? 

(1) YeS; provided they are conformable to 
the Ritual ; e.g. where the custom of giving 
the absolution on anniversaries or the 
month's mind exists, it is not to be omitted. 

(2) No custom which is contrary to the 
Rubrics can be lawfully introduced or main- 
tained. 

(3) Customs not contrary to the Ritual 
yet not entirely conformable to the Rubrics 
may at times be tolerated if their imme- 
diate removal would occasion scandal or 
other grave evils. 

(4) Customs that are evident abuses are 
always to be abrogated — sed prudenter. 

(5) As a general rule the Church dis- 
countenances additions of every kind to the 
Rubrics^, whilst she occasionally condones 
omissions for some good reason. 



120 RITES FOR THE DEAD 

G. — Solemn Exequies 
(a) Preparation 

14. Why is the bell to be tolled on occasion 
of a funeral ? 

(1) To give notice to the priest and the 
faithful who are to attend the funeral ; 

(2) to invite to prayer those who cannot 
attend ; 

(3) the ringing of the bells which are 
consecrated is moreover regarded as a sac- 
ramentalj which invites God's blessing. 

15. In what order are the processions on 
occasion of funerals to be formed ? 

(1) First, the Confraternities of the laity ; 

(2) next^ an acolyte bearing the asperso- 
riuni with blessed water; 

(3) a cross-bearer between two torch- 
bearers ; 

(4) the members of Religious Orders ; 

(5) the secular clergy vested in cassock 
and surplice and wearing the biretum ; 



EITES FOK THE DEAD 121 

(6) the celebrant, in surplice, stole, and 
black pluviale (the Cathedral Chapter, if 
attending, follow the celebrant) ; 

(7) the coffin or hearse j 

(8) the laity. 

(&) In the Church 

16. The following order of proceedings is 
observed : 

(1) The coffin is placed in the centre 
aisle, near the main altar ; 

(2) the Office of the Dead is then recited 
(chanted) ; followed by 

(3) the Mass. 

(4) The sermon (if required) is preached 
without surplice or stole; but if it is de- 
livered by the celebrant, he retains the alb 
and stole (and cope). 

(5) The last absolution. 

17. How is the Absolution given ? 

(1) The celebrant at the end of the 
Mass takes off chasuble and maniple , and 



122 RITES FOK THE DEAD 

puts on the cope (Absolution is ordinarily 
to be given by the priest who has said 
the Mass); 

(2) the subdeacon (without biretum) takes 
the large cross ; and proceeds with 

(3) .the ministers in order to the altar^ 
where they make the customary reverence 
in the centre; the cross and torch bearers 
do not genuflect ; 

(4) the celebrant takes his stand at the 
foot of the corpse opposite the subdeacon; 
but when the corpse is not actually present 
the celebrant stands between the altar and 
the catafalque ; 

(5) the celebrant begins the Non intres^ 
to which the chanters and the clergy re- 
spond ; 

(6) incense is placed in the censer and 
blessed (without the usual kiss) ; 

(7) Kyrie^ etc.. Pater noster^ etc. ; 

(8) the celebrant goes to the right around 
the coffin, sprinkling holy water and incens- 



RITES FOR THE DEAD 123 

ing thrice ; whenever the celebrant bows to 
the altar or to the cross held by the sub- 
deacon, the deacon genuflects. 

(c) In the' Cemetery 

18. What order is to be observed in the 
cemetery? 

(1) Whilst the body is being carried out 
of the church the choir chants the antiphon 
In Paradisum ; as the procession arrives in 
the cemetery^ 

(2) the coffin is deposited near the grave ; 

(3) the gravCj if not previously blessed, 
is then blessed ; 

(4) then the antiphon Ego snm^ together 
with the hymn Benedictus and the Kyrie 
eleison are chanted by the celebrant ; 

(5) the celebrant intones Pater noster 
and sprinkles the coffin with holy water, 
whilst he completes the Pater noster ; 

(6) the celebrant continues Et ne nos 
inducas to the end as in the Ritual ; 



124 RITES FOR THE DEAD 

(7) the corpse is lowered into the grave; 
after which the procession forms^ and 

(8) all return to the sacristy, reciting the 
antiphon Si iniquitates^ with the Psalm De 
profimdis. 

[N.B. 1. If the celebrant does not accompany 
the funeral to the cemetery, the entire ceremony is 
completed in the church. 

2. If the body is not brought to the church, the 
antiphon In Paradisum is omitted. 

3. The portion beginning Ego sum resuirectio, 
following the Benedictus down to the end of the 
prayer and response, is never to be omitted. 

4. When there are several corpses the funeral 
rites are to be performed over each one separately, 
except in case of necessity; although the prayers 
which apply to all may be said only once.] 

19. How is absolution given when the 
corpse is absent ? 

(1) If the corpse is not present, the abso- 
lution is not obligatory ; bnt 

(2) it may be given on all occasions when 
a requiem Mass is permitted by the general 
rubrics. 



RITES FOR THE DEAD 125 

(3) If the deceased be a bishop or priest, 
the title is to be expressed in the oration. 

H. — The Absolution of the Corpse 

20. What is required for the performance 
of the absolution? 

There should be at least three (if possible, 
four) altar boys : 

(a) carrying the cross ; 
(h) the aspersorium ; 

(c) the thurible ; 

(d) the book. 

[ N.B. 1. The rites set apart for the commemo- 
ration of the dead on the third, seventh, thirtieth 
day, and on the anniversary, are not obligatory. 

2. The Absolution after Mass is to be given by 
the celebrant of the Mass, unless the Ordinary of 
the Diocese should perform it. 

3. One Absolution is given in ordinary cases ; but 
five in the obsequies of bishops.] 

I. — Funerals of Children 

21. In the burial of children is there any 
distinction to be made ? 



126 KITES FOR THE DEAD 

A distinction is to be made between 

(1) nnbaptized children ; 

(2) baptized children having died before 
the nse of reason (nnder which head are 
also included the insane) ; 

(3) baptized children having attained 
their full use of reason. 

22. How are unbaptized children buried ? 
They are buried without any services^ in 

unblessed ground. (Children born of Catholic 
parents may be buried with the parents in 
consecrated ground ; in case of doubtfully 
valid baptism the child is also buried in con- 
secrated ground.) 

23. How are children who have arrived at 
the use of reason buried ? 

They are buried with the usual rite for 
adults. 

24. How are children buried that have been 
baptized and who die before the use of reason ? 

(1) They are buried in a place set apart 
for the innocents ; 



SACRAMENT OF MATRIMONY 127 

(2) the bells are not tolled^ but rung in a 
joyous tone ; 

(3) the Mass is cle festo^ or if the Rubrics 
permit it de angelis^ or some other votive 
Mass. 

(4) This Mass does not enjoy the ru- 
brical privileges of requiem Masses in die 
ohitus. 

NoTA. — If the Office of the Dead should be re- 
cited on the occasion of a child's obsequies the psalms 
end with the Gloria Patri (not Requiem ceternam). 

2. The liturgical color of the Office is white. 

3. The cross carried by the acolyte is a small 
one without a staff. 

XI 

THE CELEBRATION OF THE SACRAMENT OF 
MATRIMONY 

A. — The Ceremonial 

1. In the celebration of nuptials the Church 
distinguishes two separate actions : 

(1) The official witnessing act of the 
marriage rite ; and 



128 SACRAMENT OF MATRIMONY 

(2) the blessing of the nuptials. 

2. The witnessing of the marriage rite 
takes place 

outside the Mass^ according to the form 
given in the Eitual. 

3. The blessing of the nuptials takes place 
in the Mass 2^^^ Sponsis^ from which it 

may never be lawfully detached. 

4. When may the blessing (together with 
the Mass pro Spons/s) be given? 

At any time during the year^ except from 
the first Sunday of Advent to the Epiphany, 
and from Ash Wednesday to Low Sunday, 
both inclusive. 

5. How are nuptials to be celebrated 
during this forbidden time ? 

Privately; that is, outside the regular 
nuptial Mass, and according to a special 
form prescribed in the Ritual. 

6. To whom does the right of this func- 
tion belong ? 

To the pastor, who is to perform it in 



SACRAMENT OF MATRIMONY 129 



church, at the altar, and in presence of 
witnesses. 

7. How does he proceed? 

(1) The priest, vested in surplice and 
white stole, or 

(2) (if the rite immediately precede the 
ordinary Mass) vested as for Mass (leaving 
the maniple aside until after the marriage 
rite), accompanied by a server vested in 
surplice, 

(3) goes to the sanctuary; 

(4) places himself so as to face the bridal 
couple, who stand in front of the sanctuary 
rail or within the sanctuary in front of the 
altar ; 

(5) the bridegroom at the right of the 
bride ; 

(6) the witnesses at each side, somewhat 
behind the bridal couple. 

(7) The celebrant asks first the bride- 
groom, then the bride, separately, for their 
mutual consent : iV^. vis accipere iV^. hie 



130 SACRAMENT OF MATRIMONY 

prcBsentem in ticam legitimam uxor em {timm 
legitimum maritum) juxta ritum sanctce 
matris Ecdesice ? To which they answer 
in turn : Volo. 

The questions are said first in Latin and 
then immediately in the vernacular. 

(8) The priest then bids the bridal couple 
join their right hands w^hilst he says : Ego 
conjungo vos in matrimoninm. In nomine 
Patris 1^ et Filii et Spiritus sancti. Amen. 

(9) He then sprinkles them with holy 
water ; after which 

(10) he blesses the wedding ring, Adju- 
toriitm nostrum in nomine Domini^ etc. 
Oremus : Benedic ►J^ Domine^ anmdum^ etc., 
and hands the ring blessed to the groom. 

8. What is to be noted regarding the wed- 
ding ring ? 

(1) The blessing is for the bride's ring 
only; 

(2) which ring is to be given to her by 
the bridegroom. 



SACRAMENT OF MATRIMONY 131 

(3) A ring once blessed (for a first mar- 
riage) is not blessed anew ; 

(4) but if the first ring be lost^, a new one may 
be blessed, outside the marriage ceremony. 

B. — Solemn Blessing of Nuptials 

9. Which is the solemn blessing of the 
nuptials ? 

That blessing which is imparted in the 
Mass called the Missa pro Sponso et Sponsa. 

10. What is to be noted concerning this 
blessing ? 

(1) That it is to be given at all first 
marriages ; 

(2) that it may be given^ though not 
prescribed^ for the first nuptials of a bride 
to a widower ; 

(3) that it cannot lawfully be given at 
second nuptials if the woman's first nuptials 
were blessed. 

11. May this blessing be given outside of 
Mass? 



132 SACRAMENT OF MATRIMONY 

Never. But the celebrant of the Mass 
who gives this blessing need not perform 
the rite of witnessing and receiving the 
consent of the bride and groom^ which is 
given immediately before the Mass. This 
rite may be performed separately and by 
another priest, before the Mass, according 
to the form prescribed in the Ritual. 

12. How is this Mass pro Sponso et Sponsa 
celebrated ? 

According to the simple rite, i.e., 

(1) with at least three orations, as follows : 

(a) de votiva. 

(b) de die. 

(c) the oration which, according to the 
Ordo, immediately follows the oratio de 
die ; 

(2) without Gloria and Credo ; 

(3) in white vestments. 

13. When may this Mass not be celebrated ? 
(1) During the forbidden times {tempus 

clausum) already specified ; 



SACRAMENT OF MATKIMONY 133 

(2) on Sundays and holydays of obliga- 
tion; 

(3) double feasts of the Class I. and 
Class II.; or equivalents; 

(4) Octaves of the Epiphany and of 
Pentecost ; 

(5) Vigil of Pentecost; 

(6) Octave of Corpus Christi ; 

(7) on ferials and feasts which by privi- 
lege exclude feasts of Class II. ; 

(8) Rogation days, in parochial churches 
in which only one Mass is celebrated and 
where the procession takes place; 

(9) All Souls' Day, if the Office of the 
Dead is publicly chanted in the church. 

14. On these days what Mass is to be 
said? 

(1) The Mass of the day ; 

(2) with a commemoration from the 
Missa pro Sponso et Sponsa; 

(3) under a separate conclusion ; 

(4) after all the orations of the day ; but 



134 SACRAMENT OF MATRIMONY 

(5) before the orationes iviperatoe (if there 
be any). 

15. Is the commemoration pro Sponso ei 
Sponsa omitted at any time ? 

(1) During the forbidden times {tempits 
clausum) ; 

(2) on the Vigil of Pentecost, and in sol- 
emn Masses of the Ascension and Pentecost. 

In these Masses the orations found in the 
Missa 2^ro Sponso et Sponsa^ after the Pater 
iioster and before the prayer Placeat^ are 
inserted in their proper places. 

16. How is the nuptial blessing in the 
Mass given ? 

(1) After the Pater noster in the Mass 
the celebrant genuflects and moves to the 
Epistle side of the altar; 

(2) whilst the newly married couple ap- 
proach the altar and kneel ; 

(3) the celebrant turns to them and reads 
the two orations found in the Mass pro 
Spojiso et Sponsa. 



SACRAMENT OF MATRIMONY 135 

(4) After this the bride and groom return 
to their places^ and 

(5) the celebrant genuflects in the centre 
and continues the Mass at the Libera nos 
Domine. 

(6) Toward the end of the Mass, after 
the Benedicamus (or the Ita missa est 
the celebrant again goes to the Epistle 
side ; 

(7) turns to the bride and groom, who 
kneel on the lowest step of the altar, and 
recites the prayer (omitting Oremus) found 
in the Mass pro Spoiiso et Sponsa, 

(8) The priest then briefly addresses the 
newly married couple on the obligations of 
their new state ; after which 

(9) he returns to the centre of the 
altar, saying: Placeat^ etc., and finishes 
the Mass. 

[IST.B. The prayer of the nuptial blessing may 
be recited over several bridal couples together with- 
out any change.] 



136 SACRAMENT OF MATRIMONY 

C. — Mixed Marriages 

17. How are marriages between Catholics 
and non-Catholics celebrated ? 

(1) Outside the church ; 

(2) without the nuptial blessings and with- 
out any distinctly liturgical ceremonial ] 

(3) the priest simply assists as authorized 
witness of the solemn mutual contract^ with 
becoming dignity, and admonishing the 
parties to be faithful to the sacred promise^ 
as the Ritual directs. 

18. May he wear the cassock and biretum ? 
Undoubtedly, because it is the ordinary 

dress of his profession. 

19. Are the banns published in the case 
of mixed marriages ? 

No; because the Church is not supposed 
to take notice of the marriage as a sacred 
rite, although her minister attests it as a 
solemn mutual contract involving rights 
and duties. 



SACRAMENT OF MATRIMONY 137 

20. What other requisites must be pro- 
vided in the case of mixed marriages ? 

According to the Pontifical Instruction 
Et si SS, Dominus (Nov. 15^ 1858), the fol- 
lowing promises must be explicitly made, 
either in writing or in some other form 
which guarantees their being kept : 

(1) That religious freedom of the Catholic 
party will not be interfered with, so as not 
to impede the full exercise of the duties 
imposed by the Church ; 

(2) that the Catholic will by every le- 
gitimate means endeavor to lead the non- 
Catholic party to a knowledge and practice 
of the true faith ; 

(3) that the children, male and female, 
of the union will be brought up in the 
Catholic religion. 



138 BLESSING AFTER CHILDBIRTH 

XII 

THE BLESSING OF A MOTHER AFTER 
CHILDBIRTH (CHURCHING) 

1. How is the blessing after childbirth^ 
called ' ^ churching ^ ' imparted ? 

(1) The blessing is given to the mother 
after recovery from childbirth ; 

(2) as soon as she is able to go to church; 

(3) in order that she may give thanks for 
the happy delivery ; and 

(4) offer her infant to God. (Hence she 
should bring the child with her^ if possible.) 

2. Is this blessing obligatory ? 

No ; but it is a most laudable custom. 

3. How is it imparted ? 

(1) The mother kneels in the vestibule 
(properly at the threshold of the church) 
or some other convenient place ; 

(2) holding a lighted candle. 

(3) The priest vested in surplice and 
white stole, stands before her ; and 



BLESSING AFTER CHILDBIRTH 139 

(4) sprinkles her with holy water in the 
form of a cross ; and then 

(5) says : Adjutorium nostnim in nomine 
Domini; qui fecit coehtm et terram^ then re- 
cites the antiphon Hcec accipiet with the 
Psalm (XXIII.) Domini est terra. After 
finishing the Psalm with the antiphon re- 
peated^ he 

(6) offers her the left extremity of the 
stole^ by which he leads her into the 
churchy up to the altar^ saying, Ingredere 
in templum Dei^ adora Filium beatce Marice 
VirgiiiiSy qui tibi foe.cunditatem trihiiit 
prolis. 

(7) Arrived at the altar, the mother 
kneels, and the priest, turning to her, re- 
cites : Kyrie^ eleison^ Chris te^ eleison^ Kyrie^ 
eleison^ Pater noster^ etc., and the prayer 
OmnipotenSy sempiterne Deus. 

(8) After this he again sprinkles her 
with holy water in the form of a cross ; and 
says: 



140 SAYING TWO MASSES 

(9) Pax J et henedictio Dei omnipotentis, 

Patris ^ et Filii^ et Spiritus sancti^ descen- 

dat super te^ et maneat semper. Amen. 

[N.B. — This blessing can be given only in the 
church or in a place where Mass is celebrated.] 

XIII 
"DUPLICATING" OR SAYING TWO MASSES 

1. What conditions are required to per- 
mit a priest to say regularly two Masses on 
the same day ? 

(1) The necessity of the faithful; and 

(2) the absence, at the same time, of 
another priest who can supply the second 
Mass; 

(3) the permission of the Ordinary. 

2. What is deemed the necessity of the 
faithful ? 

Circumstances under which one Mass 
would be insufficient to permit the entire 
congregation to fulfil the precept of the 
Church, e.g.^ 



SAYING TWO MASSES 141 

(1) considerable distance from the place 
where the one Mass is celebrated ; 

(2) the inconvenient hour at which Mass 
is said to suit any considerable portion of 
the congregation ; 

(3) the incapacity of the place to accom- 
modate the entire congjregation so that a 
considerable number of the faithful (who 
are bound by the precept) would remain 
without Mass. 

3. What is deemed a considerable dis- 
tance and number? 

(1) As to distance no common standard 
can be assigned. The conveniences of 
travel^ the conditions of the roads and 
climate, the average age and customs of 
the people, must be considered and sub- 
mitted to the judgment of the Ordinary. 

(2) As to the number of the faithful 
required to permit a priest to duplicate for 
their benefit, various decisions of the S. 
Congregation indicate that the Ordinary is 



142 SAYING TWO MASSES 

justified in allowing a priest to duplicate if 
from ten to twenty persons would other- 
wise be regularly prevented from hearing 
Mass on Sundays and holydays. 

4. In churches where there are several 
priests may one or all duplicate? 

If it be necessary for the convenience of 
the faithful in the above-mentioned sense, 
and with the permission of the Ordinary. 

5. How does the Ordinary grant the per- 
mission to duplicate? 

(1) By special faculty which he receives 
from the Holy See ; hence not at absolute, 
discretion or indefinitely ; 

(2) for Sundays and holydays of obliga- 
tion only ; 

(3) not as a personal privilege to a priest, 
but in view of the definite needs of the 
faithful. 

6. What rules are to be observed in regard 
to stipends for duplicating ? 

(1) No priest may accept two stipends for 



SAYING TWO MASSES 143 

the two Masses (that is, one for each), unless 
he have a special Apostohc Indult which is 
sometimes granted to poor missionaries. 

(2) This rule holds even if a priest intended 
to bestow the second stipend in charity. 

(3) But priests who belong to some chari- 
table confraternity whose members mutually 
pledge themselves to offer periodically a Mass 
according to the intention of the society 
may apply one of the two Masses for this in- 
tention^ and accept a stipend for the other. 

(4) Pastors who are canonically appointed 
parochi and therefore bound ex justitia vel 
officio to say one Mass for their congregation 
may not accept a stipend for the other Mass. 

(5) But missionary rectors (whether they 
be irremovable or not) are not so bound, 
although, ex clecentia charitatis which they 
owe to the flock that sustains them, they 
are advised not to accept a stipend for 
either one of the. Masses. 

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